world history final exam- multiple choice questions

every single multiple choice in tests sem 2

How did Henry IV help reunite France after years of fighting between Catholics and Huguenots?

He converted to Catholicism, but granted rights to the Huguenots.

What are the 5 great european powers?

Great Britain, Prussia, Austria, France, Russia

Catherine the Great continued Peter the Great’s policies by…

Acquiring new territory and expanding serfdom

Why did James I not want to work with Parliament?

He believed in the absolute power of kings

What was the significance of the Long Parliament?

It led tot he English Civil War

What happened to England’s government after the English Civil War?

It made parliament dependent upon the monarchy

What was Peter The Great’s approach toward westernization

He used autocratic power to westernize Russia

What king came back to England after the “Kingless decade” and was well loved by the people?

Charles II

What was a main goal of Peter the Great?

Gaining a warm-water seaport

How did the Scientific Revolution lead to the Enlightenment?

It encouraged people to use reason and understand natural phenomena

With which statement would Enlightenment thinker John Locke have agreed?

People have the right to overthrow a government that violates their rights

A key component of the US government under the constitution is…

the separation of powers among different branches of government

How did France’s social division in the late 1700s contribute to the French Revolution?

Members of the Third Estate were dissatisfied with social and economic inequality.

Why was the storming of the Bastille on July 14, 1789, an important event in the French Revolution?

It challenged the king’s authority and marks the start of the Revolution

How did Napoleon’s invasion of Russia affect his empire?

The disastrous retreat from Russia was the beginning of the end for Napoleon.

The chief goal of the Congress of Vienna was to

Preserve peace through a balance of power.

how did the congress of vienna try to limit french ambition?

the wartime alliance against france was extended into peacetime

How did the power of the king change after the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution

The king governed in partnership with the parliament

Louis XIV’s authority to rule was based on…

divine right

Which groups made up the three social classes under france’s ancient regime?

Clergy ,the middle class, urban workers and peasants, and the nobility

What was a cause of the French Revolution?

France’s royal treasury was in debt because it could not collect money from the second estate

What event does the quote “General famine and General winter, rather than Russian bullets, have conquered the Grand Army'“. describe?

Napoleon surrendered and was sent into exile

What is the concept that all government power ultimately derives from the consent of the people being governed?

Popular sovereignty

What kind of government did Rousseau favor to ensure greater freedom?

an elected government

Why was the battle of saratoga a turning point in the American Revolution?

It persuaded other nations to ally themselves with the American colonists

Why would the rulers of European countries be fearful of events in France during both the Revolution’s radical phase?

France bordered many Europeans nations, which feared that radical ideas would spread and threaten other governments

How did the congress of vienna restore order after the napoleonic wars

it redrew the map of Europe

What was the relationship between absolutism and revolution?

Absolutism often led to resentment and ultimately fueled revolutions

What summarizes the principles of the American Revolution and the French Revolution similarities?

Both favored representative government

While the American revolutionaries sought freedom from British rule, the French revolutionaries aimed to…

Overthrow the monarchy and establish a republic

Which factor did contribute to France’s pre-revolutionary debt?

The seven years’ war.

Who was in charge of the committee of public safety

Maximilien Robespierre

What did the tennis court oath establish

That the National Assembly wouldn’t dissolve until they had created a constitution

Who was the head of the French National guard and headed the moderates

Marquis de Lafayette

Which paris landmark was raised by revolutionaries in pursuit of arms?

Versailles

Marie-Antoinette was the wife of which French monarch?

Louis XVI

How did Napoleon start his political career?

French military officer

Thomas Hobbes believed that all humans were inherently…

Selfish and evil

Which form of government did Thomas Hobbes prefer?

Absolute monarchy

What was a reason for the beginning of the Enlightenment?

The discoveries of the scientific revolution changed how people thought

Who was overthrown in the glorious revolution?

James II

Adam Smith’s pivotal economic work was…

Wealth of nations

What philosopher stated that all individuals possessed certain “natural rights”—such as life, liberty, and property?

John Locke

Who was the chief author of the Declaration of Independence?

Thomas Jefferson

Why was the Russian military strategy successful during France’s invasion

the Russian military used Russia’s climate to their advantage and cut off resources for the French military

What was the overall impact of the Napoleonic Wars?

Europe primarily under French control, but did not accept French culture

In France’s old regime, which estate made up most of the population?

Third Estate

Estates-general

the legislative body made up of the representatives of the three estates in pre-revolutionary france

treaty of paris

treaty that ended the american revolution and established the united states as an independent country

tennis court oath

famous oath made on a tennis court by the Third Estate in pre-revolutionary France

Abdicate

Give up or step down from power

Congress of Vienna

assembly of european leaders that met after the napoleonic era to piece Europe back together; met from September 1814 to June 1815