Terminology, Planes, Abdominal Regions, and Body Cavities (Lab 1)

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Anatomical position

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<p>Standardized position from which to describe directional terms: standing upright, facing the observer, head level, eyes facing forward, arms at the sides, palms turned forward, feet flat on the floor.</p>

Standardized position from which to describe directional terms: standing upright, facing the observer, head level, eyes facing forward, arms at the sides, palms turned forward, feet flat on the floor.

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Prone position

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<p>Lying face down.</p>

Lying face down.

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101 Terms

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Anatomical position

Standardized position from which to describe directional terms: standing upright, facing the observer, head level, eyes facing forward, arms at the sides, palms turned forward, feet flat on the floor.

<p>Standardized position from which to describe directional terms: standing upright, facing the observer, head level, eyes facing forward, arms at the sides, palms turned forward, feet flat on the floor.</p>
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Prone position

Lying face down.

<p>Lying face down.</p>
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Supine position

Lying face up.

<p>Lying face up.</p>
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Superior (Cranial)

Above, at a higher level, towards the head.

<p>Above, at a higher level, towards the head.</p>
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Inferior (Caudal)

Below, at a lower level, away from the head.

<p>Below, at a lower level, away from the head.</p>
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Anterior (Ventral)

At the front of the body.

<p>At the front of the body.</p>
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Posterior (Dorsal)

At the back of the body.

<p>At the back of the body.</p>
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Medial

Nearer to the midline of the body.

<p>Nearer to the midline of the body.</p>
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Lateral

Farther from the midline of the body.

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Intermediate

Between a medial and lateral structure.

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Proximal

Nearer to the attachment of the limb to the trunk.

<p>Nearer to the attachment of the limb to the trunk.</p>
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Distal

Farther from the attachment of the limb to the trunk.

<p>Farther from the attachment of the limb to the trunk.</p>
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Superficial

Closer to the surface of the body.

<p>Closer to the surface of the body.</p>
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Deep

Farther from the surface of the body.

<p>Farther from the surface of the body.</p>
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Ipsilateral

Same side of the body.

<p>Same side of the body.</p>
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Contralateral

Opposite side of the body.

<p>Opposite side of the body.</p>
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Parietal

Pertaining to a wall.

<p>Pertaining to a wall.</p>
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Visceral

Pertaining to an organ.

<p>Pertaining to an organ.</p>
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Cephalic

Head.

<p>Head.</p>
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Cranial

Skull.

<p>Skull.</p>
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Frontal

Forehead.

<p>Forehead.</p>
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Facial

Face.

<p>Face.</p>
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Acromial

High point of the shoulder.

<p>High point of the shoulder.</p>
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Axillary

Armpit.

<p>Armpit.</p>
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Brachial

Arm.

<p>Arm.</p>
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Antebrachial

Forearm.

<p>Forearm.</p>
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Antecubital

Front of elbow.

<p>Front of elbow.</p>
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Olecranon

Back of elbow.

<p>Back of elbow.</p>
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Manual/Manus

Hand.

<p>Hand.</p>
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Carpal

Wrist.

<p>Wrist.</p>
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Palmar

Palm.

<p>Palm.</p>
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Pollex

Thumb.

<p>Thumb.</p>
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Digital/Phalangeal (upper)

Fingers.

<p>Fingers.</p>
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Gluteal

Buttock.

<p>Buttock.</p>
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Inguinal

Groin.

<p>Groin.</p>
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Femoral

Thigh.

<p>Thigh.</p>
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Patellar

Front of knee.

<p>Front of knee.</p>
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Popliteal

Back of knee.

<p>Back of knee.</p>
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Crural

Front of leg (Shin).

<p>Front of leg (Shin).</p>
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Sural

Back of leg (Calf).

<p>Back of leg (Calf).</p>
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Tarsal

Ankle.

<p>Ankle.</p>
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Pedal

Foot.

<p>Foot.</p>
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Calcaneal

Heel.

<p>Heel.</p>
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Plantar

Sole of foot.

<p>Sole of foot.</p>
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Hallux

Great toe.

<p>Great toe.</p>
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Digital/Phalangeal (lower)

Toes.

<p>Toes.</p>
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Cervical

Neck.

<p>Neck.</p>
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Thoracic

Middle back.

<p>Middle back.</p>
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Lumbar

Low back.

<p>Low back.</p>
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Thorax

Chest.

<p>Chest.</p>
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Mammary

Breast.

<p>Breast.</p>
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Abdominal

Abdomen (Stomach).

<p>Abdomen (Stomach).</p>
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Umbilical

Navel (Belly button).

<p>Navel (Belly button).</p>
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Pelvic

Pelvis.

<p>Pelvis.</p>
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Pubic

Front of pelvis.

<p>Front of pelvis.</p>
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Plane

An imaginary flat surface that passes through the body.

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Section

One of the 2 surfaces (pieces) resulting when cut by a plane.

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Sagittal Plane

Divides the body or an organ into left and right sides.

<p>Divides the body or an organ into left and right sides.</p>
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Midsagittal

Sagittal plane producing equal halves.

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Frontal (Coronal) Plane

Divides the body or an organ into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions.

<p>Divides the body or an organ into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions.</p>
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Transverse (Horizontal) Plane

Divides the body or an organ into upper (superior) or lower (inferior) portions.

<p>Divides the body or an organ into upper (superior) or lower (inferior) portions.</p>
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Left upper quadrant (LUQ)

One of the four abdominopelvic quadrants.

<p>One of the four abdominopelvic quadrants.</p>
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Right upper quadrant (RUQ)

One of the four abdominopelvic quadrants.

<p>One of the four abdominopelvic quadrants.</p>
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Right lower quadrant (RLQ)

One of the four abdominopelvic quadrants.

<p>One of the four abdominopelvic quadrants.</p>
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Left lower quadrant (LLQ)

One of the four abdominopelvic quadrants.

<p>One of the four abdominopelvic quadrants.</p>
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Left hypochondriac

One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.

<p>One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.</p>
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Epigastric

One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.

<p>One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.</p>
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Right hypochondriac

One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.

<p>One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.</p>
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Left lumbar

One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.

<p>One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.</p>
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Umbilical

One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.

<p>One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.</p>
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Right lumbar

One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.

<p>One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.</p>
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Left inguinal

One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.

<p>One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.</p>
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Hypogastric (pubic)

One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.

<p>One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.</p>
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Right inguinal

One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.

<p>One of the nine abdominopelvic regions.</p>
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Posterior (dorsal) body cavity

Contains the cranial cavity and vertebral cavity.

<p>Contains the cranial cavity and vertebral cavity.</p>
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Cranial cavity

Formed by bones of the skull, contains the brain.

<p>Formed by bones of the skull, contains the brain.</p>
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Vertebral cavity

Formed by the vertebrae, contains the spinal cord.

<p>Formed by the vertebrae, contains the spinal cord.</p>
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Anterior (ventral) body cavity

Divided by the diaphragm into thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity.

<p><span>Divided by the diaphragm into thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity.</span></p>
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Serous Membranes

Thin, slippery membrane that lines the body cavities (not open to the outside) and cover organs.

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Parietal layer

Lines cavity wall.

<p>Lines cavity wall.</p>
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Parietal layer

lines cavity wall

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Visceral layer

covers the organs

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Serous fluid

reduces friction

<p>reduces friction</p>
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Thoracic cavity

surrounded by the chest wall and diaphragm

<p>surrounded by the chest wall and diaphragm</p>
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Mediastinum

midline structure which divides the thoracic cavity into 2 pleural cavities

<p>midline structure which divides the thoracic cavity into 2 pleural cavities</p>
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Right and left pleural cavities

contain right and left lungs

<p>contain right and left lungs</p>
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Pleura

each pleural cavity is lined by a serous membrane known as

<p>each pleural cavity is lined by a serous membrane known as</p>
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Visceral pleura

covers the lungs

<p>covers the lungs</p>
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Parietal pleura

lines the pleural cavity (walls)

<p>lines the pleural cavity (walls)</p>
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Upper portion of Mediastinum

contains blood vessels, trachea, esophagus, and thymus

<p>contains blood vessels, trachea, esophagus, and thymus</p>
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Lower portion of Mediastinum

contains pericardial cavity

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Pericardial cavity

the heart is located within the pericardial cavity

<p>the heart is located within the pericardial cavity</p>
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Pericardium

the pericardial cavity is lined by a serous membrane known as the pericardium

<p>the pericardial cavity is lined by a serous membrane known as the pericardium</p>
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Visceral pericardium

covers the heart

<p>covers the heart</p>
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Parietal pericardium

lines the pericardial cavity (walls)

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Abdominopelvic cavity

the abdominal cavity and upper part of pelvic cavity is also known as the peritoneal cavity

<p>the abdominal cavity and upper part of pelvic cavity is also known as the peritoneal cavity</p>
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Abdominal cavity

contains many digestive glands and organs

<p>contains many digestive glands and organs</p>
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Pelvic cavity

contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and lower digestive tract

<p>contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and lower digestive tract</p>
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Peritoneum

the abdominopelvic cavity is lined by a serous membrane known as the

<p>the abdominopelvic cavity is lined by a serous membrane known as the</p>
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Visceral peritoneum

covers the abdominopelvic organs

<p>covers the abdominopelvic organs</p>