ITM 100 Class 2 (2.2 Partially) Midterm Review Key Terms 2025/2026

(Only includes terms needed for midterm). Added BPMN Events, Gateways, Activities, Flows.

actor

An entity that is capable of participating in an action or a network.

As-Is process model

Represents the current state of the operation that has been mapped, without any specific improvements or changes to existing processes.

automation

Involves computerizing manual tasks, making them more efficient and effective and dramatically lowering operational costs.

bad actor

An entity that is participating with ill intentions.

business-facing processes

Invisible to the external customer but essential to the effective management of the business; they include goal setting, day-to-day planning, giving performance feedback and rewards, and allocating resources.

business process improvement

Attempts to understand and measure the current process and make performance improvements accordingly.

business process model

A graphic description of a process, showing the sequence of process tasks, which is developed for a specific purpose and from a selected viewpoint.

Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN)

A graphical notation that depicts the steps in a business process.

business process modeling (or mapping)

The activity of creating a detailed flowchart or process map of a work process, showing its inputs, tasks, and activities in a structured sequence.

customer-facing process

Results in a product or service that is received by an organization’s external customer.

digitization

The automation of existing manual and paper-based processes and workflows to a digital format.

dynamic process

A continuously changing process used to provide business solutions to ever-changing business operations.

operational business process

Static, routine, daily business processes such as stocking inventory, checking out customers, or daily opening/closing processes.

static process

Process that uses a systematic approach in an attempt to improve business effectiveness and efficiency continuously.

swim lane

Layout arranges the steps of a business process into a set of rows depicting the various elements.

To-Be process model

Shows the results of applying change improvement opportunities to the current (As-Is) process model.

use case

A description of how a system, product, or service can be used to achieve specific goals, tasks, or objectives.

workflow

Includes the tasks, activities, and responsibilities required to execute each step in a business process.

BPMN Events

Start, intermediate and end events that trigger or result from process activities. Shown as circles with different internal symbols.

BPMN Gateways

Decisions points that control process flow. Diamond shapes that split or merge process paths based on conditions.

BPMN Activities

Tasks or work performed within the process. Represented as rounded rectangles that can be expanded to show sub-processes.

BPMN Flows

Arrows showing the sequence and direction of activities, connecting all process elements in logical order.