Lecture 20: Gaseous Exchange

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Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from Lecture 20 on gaseous exchange.

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20 Terms

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Respiration

The process by which organisms exchange gases with their environment.

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Inspiration

The process of inhaling air into the lungs.

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Expiration

The process of exhaling air from the lungs.

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Medulla Oblongata

Part of the brain stem that regulates breathing.

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Chemoreceptors

Sensors that detect changes in pH, pO2, and pCO2.

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Boyle’s Law

At a constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume.

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Intrapulmonary pressure

The pressure within the lungs during breathing.

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Diaphragm

A muscle that contracts and relaxes to facilitate breathing.

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Spirometry

A test that measures lung function by assessing airflow.

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Alveoli

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

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Pulmonary Capillaries

Small blood vessels that surround the alveoli.

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Respiratory membrane

The barrier through which gases diffuse, located between alveoli and capillaries.

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Partial pressure

The pressure exerted by a specific gas in a mixture of gases.

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Dalton’s Law

The total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of its individual gases.

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Gas exchange

The process of transferring oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli and blood.

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Henry’s Law

The concentration of a gas dissolved in a liquid is proportional to its partial pressure.

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Functional residual capacity (FRC)

The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal expiration.

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Total lung capacity (TLC)

The total volume of air in the lungs after a maximum inhalation.

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Residual volume (RV)

The volume of air left in the lungs after a maximum exhalation.

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Vital capacity (VC)

The maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation.