AQA GCSE History Paper 1: Tsardom to Communism in Russia 1894-1945 Timeline

1894

Accession of Nicholas Romanov II (Tsar Announced)

1898

Social Democrats formed

1900

As part of Finish Russification, Tsar issues a language manifesto making Russian the official language of the Finish administration

1901

Social Revolutionaries formed under Victor Chernov

1902

Lenin publishes Revolutionary programme.
Ivanovich Bolorikov, Govenor General of Finland given power to dismiss opponents of Russification.

1903

Social democrats break up to form Menshevic party (less radical) and Bolsheviks led by Vladimir Lenin (Radical Left)

1904

Japan surprises Russia Navy with surprise torpedo attack at Port Arthur

1905

Putilov worker strikes.
Bloody Sunday when Tsar commands to open fire on peaceful protestants led by father Gapon.
Treaty of Portsmouth signed ending Russo Japanese War.
October Manifesto issued mostly to workers.

1906

1st Duma announced.
Stolypin announced Prime Minister.
Liberal and socialist parties formed.
In July Duma is dissolved.

1907

MVD is now called Okhrana.
2nd Duma announced

1911

Stolypin murdered

1912

Lena goldfields massacre shooting of goldfield workers on strike in northeast Siberia.
Strikers increase.
Great famine begins due to Stolypin's death.

1913

300 year anniversary of Romanov dynasty rule.

1914

Archduke Franz Ferdinand murdered by Gavrilo Princip causing outbreak of WW1.
Triple entante: Germany, Britain, France.
Triple alliance: Ottoman empire, Austria-Hungary, Germany, (Italy but then they swapped to the entante due to land offers)

1915

Tsar announces himself Commander in chief.
Tsar leaves Tsarina in charge of the Homefront.
Government becomes a mess with Rasputin's influence.

1916

Rasputin is murdered

1917

March Putilov strikes.
Tsar denied into Petrograd.
Tsar abdicates.
Provisional Gov set up under Alexander Karensky.
Sovnarkom Lenin in chairman, Trotsky is war comisaar and Stalin comisaar for nationalities.
July days, then later put down.
Kornilov affair.
April thesus from Lenin "peace, land, bread"
Bolsheviks seize Petrograd and enter winyter palace forcefully.
Okhrana change to Cheka under Lenin.

1918

End of WW1.
Start of Russian Civil War, Reds vs Whites Vs Greens.
War communism introduced.
All other partied banned by Bolsheviks.

1919

Bolsheviks change their names to Soviet Socialist Republics.
Politburo is the central body of the communist party.

1920

Kolchak killed under Bolshevik demands.

1921

Gosplan is created by a decree of the Sovnarcom.
Konstradt mutiny.
NEP introduced.
Great famine.

1922

Treaty of the creation of the USSR

1923

Trotsky declares that the communist party was insufficiently democratic.
Stalin forms triumvirate with Zinoviev and Kamenev.

1924

Lenin dies from several strokes.
His testament isn't a clear successor

1925

Triumvirate splits.
Stalin forms a duumvirate with Bukharin.

1926

Trotsky expelled from the Politburo.
Zinoviev also expelled.
NEP is encountering problems and there is nothing to buy in the USSR.

1928

1st 5 year plan introduced.

1929

Stalin declared victory over Bukharin.
Collectivization is now forceful.

1930

Kulaks are all wiped out.
1st Gulag is established.

1932

Famine begins.
1st five year plan has been announced that its been fulfilled.

1933

2nd 5 year plan focusing of railways and underground works.
Holodomor; when police don't allow Ukrainians to buy food.

1934

Awakening of terror due to Kirov's murder.
End of famine.

1935

Stakhanov mined over 100 tones in a night shift so the Stakhanovite movement began and rewards given to those whom mined more than usual.
Zinoviev and Kamenev arrested for conspiracy of Kirovs murder.

1936

Start of the purges.
Trial of 16: Kamenev and Zinoviev purged and executed.

1937

Peak of the purges.
Trial of 17: everyone in association with Trotsky is purged.

1938

End of the purges.
Trial of 21: Stalin purges Red army.
3rd 5 year plan introduced.

1939

Nazi-soviet pact signed; both countries promised not to invade eachother and for Stalin to get Eastern Poland and Germany to keep the Western side for Lebensraum.

1940

Trotsky assassinated on Stalin's demands.

1941

Hitler breaks the Nazi-Soviet pact with operation Barbarossa.
WW2 is declared.
Triple alliance formed in 1942: France, Britain and Usa
Axis powers: Japan, Italy, Germany

1942

Triple alliance

1943

Russians recapture kiev

1944

Red Army crosses into Poland.

1945

Red army enters German territory, The USSR reaches the outskirts of Berlin.
Germany surrenders to the USSR.
WW2 ends.