Studied by 0 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Which of the following is a characteristic of evolution by natural selection
A. Natural selection is a random process
B. Natural selection leads to an increase in genetic diversity
C. Evolution by natural selection requires random mating
D. Natural selection does not occur in small populations
E. None of the above✔️
In John Endler's study of natural selection how did the predation risk and
the coarseness of the gravel influence the evolution of color pattern in guppies
A. The size of male's spots increased in populations held against a background of coarse gravel in the presence of predators
B. The size of male spots decreased in populations held against a background of coarse gravel in the absence of predators
After the drought of 1977, medium ground finches on the island of Daphne major that had large deep beaks survive better than those with smaller beaks because they could more easily crack open and eat the larger fruits available. Which of the following requirements of evolution by natural selection does this observation best satisfy
B. Fitness differences
Which of the following terms listed below represents a homology
B. Chemical structure of DNA in all organism
Currently two of the living elephant (x,y) species are placed in a genus Loxafonta and the third surviving species is placed in the genus Elephas (z) assuming this classification reflects evolution relatedness which of the following is the moralist accurate phylogenic tree
Z is alone while x and y are branched.
Which of the alternative listed below is a feature of a valid scientific theory
D. Theories generate predictions that potentially can be falsified by available evidence
Which of the following predictions concerning the fossil record follows from the theory of evolution
Species that lived in the past should be different than extant species, Simple life forms should be found in the olest strata whereas most complex forms should occur only in recent strata, There should be intermediate forms between major taxonomic group, Fossils occurring in a given geographic area should show greater resemblance to the organisms currently living there then those in other geographic area
Consider the following short DNA sequence consisting of five codons
GTG GCG TGG ACT AAG
How would this reading frame be altered if during transcription a deletion occurred at the second nucleotide of the first codon
A. The reading frame would read GGG GCG TGG ACT AA
B. The reading frame would read GTG CGT GGA CTA AG
C. The reading frame would read GTG GGC GTG GAC TAA G
D. The reading frame would read GGG CGT GGA CTA AG ✔️
E. Such a point mutation would have no effect on the reading frame
Which of the following is an assumption of the Hardy Weinberg principle
E. Random mating ✔️
Consider an island in the Galapagos inhabited by a population of Darwins finches that exhibited variations in big morphology. Big bore biology is controlled by a single developmental gene such that individuals with the genotype a house shorts that beat individual with the genotype Aa medium size bags and individuals of the genotype aa have long thin beaks. If the relative frequency of the A allele is 0.2 and the relative frequency of the a allele is 0.8, what are the expected genotype frequencies if this population of Darwins finches is in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium
.04 AA: 0.32 Aa: 0.64 aa
What will be the relative allele frequency's at Hardy Weinberg equilibrium in the above example
.2 A .8 a
Researchers recently measured the stout to vent length of Galapagos marine iguanas and observe the percent survival of different size animals, all the same ages. The graph below shows the log stout vent length a plotted against the percent survival of those different size classes for males andfemales what type of selection for body size appears to be occurring in those marine iguanas
B. Stabilizing selection ✔️
Which mechanism is mostlikely responsible for the evolution of the elaborate plumage of peacocks
Sexual selection
Female gray tree frogs choose among perspective mates on the basis of males vocalizations preferring those males that produce long calls over those that produce short calls. Which experimental evidence supports the good genes hypothesis of female choice in the species
Offspring of long call Mail's exhibit faster growth and greater survival been offspring of short call males
According to the biological species concept, to animals are considered members of different species if they...
Cannot mate and produce viable, fertile offspring
The Eastern and Western spotted skunk are closely related species but in areas of geological overlap, they do not hybridize because the breeding season of these two species occurs at different times of the year. What type of isolating mechanism does this represent
Temporel reproductive isolating mechanism
Male frogs give calls that attract female frogs to approach and mate. Researchers examine mating calls it closely related tree frogs in south Africa. If reinforcement is occurring, what would you expect if you compare the calls of two species in zones of sympatry versus zones of allopatry
Calls would be more different in areas of sympatry than zones of allopatry
About 3 million years ago, the Isthmus of Panama formed, dividing marine organisms into Pacific in Caribbean populations. This would be considered an example of
Vicariance event
Speciation in Rhagoletis has occurred through the exploitation of alternate plant host this can be considered an example of
Sympatric speciation, same geographical region new species
Which of the following poses a difficulty for the biological species concept
The criterion of gene exchange does not apply to a sexual species
The concept cannot be applied to extinct species
It is difficult to apply to populations that are geographically separated
Which of the following is an example of a postzygotic isolating mechanism
Hybrid sterility
Which of the following is an important mode of speciation in plants
D. Allopolyploidy
Different species of fireflies employ different flash patterns in the signals are used to attract mates. What type of prezygotic isolating mechanism with this be considered
Behavioral isolation
Which of the following is a characteristic of allopatric speciation
Geographical barriers to gene isolation
Why do you biologisy believe that RNA, rather than DNA was the first genetic material
RNA has the capability for both replication and energy processing
The oldest fossils usually...
Are found in the deepest strata
The oldest organisms were most likely...
Prokaryotic
Soapberry bugs in central Florida have shorter beaks and those found elsewhere in its range and unlike other populations, eat on fruit of the introduced golden rain tree. Museum collections before the introduction of golden rain tree contain buds with much longer beaks than those currently found feeding on Goldenrain trees. What accounts for the difference
Selection has favored shorter beaks in populations found on golden rain tree's because the fruit of these trees are smaller than those found on native balloon vines
Suppose you measure the beak depth of breeding house wrens and their offspring and found that there are no correlation between parents and offspring in this trait what would you conclude from this result
That natural selection acting on beak depth would not lead to any evolutionary change in the population
Currently the only predators of Galapagos marine iguanas are Galapagos hawks. Iguana body size is not correlated with the risk of hawk predation, although small Iguanas can sprint faster than large iguanas. If predation that preferably catch and eat slower iguanas were introduced to the island, iguana size would be likely to in the absence of other factors the iguana would be then under selection
Decrease, directional
How would you predict the frequency of the sickle cell allele to change over time and human populations in sub-Saharan Africa assuming it is currently at equilibrium
It should remain the same
Whywould you expect the frequency of sickle cell to change as you predicted in populations in sub Sahara Africa
Because of heterozygote superiority
Scale eating fish exhibit in asymmetrical mouth that comes in two forms the dextral form which is twisted to the right in the sinistral form which is twisted to the left what effect would increase in the frequency of the dextral form have on the fitness of the two more given that the population is subject to frequency dependent selection
The fitness of the dextral form would decrease but the fitness of the sinistral form more would increase
