字根D

deign

中：屈尊做

英：to consider to be fit, proper, or in accordance with one's dignity

例： She would not deign to visit us.

同：STOOP, PATRONIZE, CONDESCEND

disdain

記憶法：dis（不）＋ dign（值，尊嚴）＝把別人視為不(dis)具有價值(dign)的＝鄙視

中：鄙視

英：to look upon or treat with contempt

例：He regards the political process with disdain.

同：scorn, contempt, condescension, haughtiness, derision, spurn, vouchsafe

indignant

中：憤慨的

英：feeling, characterized by, or expressing strong displeasure at something considered unjust, offensive, insulting, or base

例：She wrote an indignant letter to the paper complaining about the council's action.

同：incensed, enraged, infuriated

condemn

記憶法：con（共同，一起）＋ damn（詛咒，下地獄）。譴責(condemn)＝詛咒別人下地獄(damn)

中：譴責

英：to express an unfavorable judgment or opinion of something/someone

例：The film was condemned for its sexism.

同：convict, sentence

indemnify

中：保障；補償

英：to compensate for loss sustained

例：The insurance also indemnifies the house against flooding.

同：recompense, reimburse

dampen

記憶法：damp（濕氣、使潮濕）

中：使潮濕、使平靜下來、使情緒穩定、對...潑冷水

英：make less strong or intense

例：nothing could dampen her enthusiasm.

同：lessen, decrease, diminish, reduce, lower, moderate,

decorous

記憶法：décor（裝飾）。講話很修飾文字＝有禮的

中：彬彬有禮的

英：proper and suitable

例：decorous behavior during the solemn occasion.

同：proper, becoming, seemly

decorum

記憶法：décor（裝飾）。行為舉止有裝飾＝端莊

中：穩重，端莊

英：dignified, proper conduct, manners, or appearance expected in polite society

例：Act with decorum when you attend the funeral.

同：etiquette, propriety, dignity, seemliness

indecorous

中：不得體的；粗魯的

同：unseemly, unbecoming, coarse, vulgar, improper, inappropriate

deviant

記憶法：de（離、下、不）＋via（道路）＋ate

中：脫離常規、使偏離

英：departing from usual or accepted standards, especially in social or sexual behavior

例：deviant behavior

同：aberrant, deviating, divergent, abnormal

deleterious

記憶法：de（離，下，不）。需要被刪除(delete)掉的東西＝有害的(deleterious)

中：有害的

英：harmful

例：These drugs have a proven deleterious effect on the nervous system.

同：pernicious, hurtful, destructive, noxious

demotic

中：通俗的，大眾化的

英：of or pertaining to the ordinary, everyday, current form of a language; vernacular

例：a poet with a keen ear for demotic rhythms.

同: EVERYDAY, VERNACULAR, PLEBEIAN

endemic

中：地方性的

英：natural to or characteristic of a specific people or place; native; indigenous

例：a fever endemic to the tropics

同：native, local, indigenous

demography

記憶法：demo（人民）＋ graphy（學科）。

中：人口統計，人口狀況

例：The increase in the number of young people leaving to work in the cities has had a dramatic impact on the demography in the villages

ambidextrous

記憶法：ambi（雙，周圍）＋ dexter（右邊的）＝兩隻手都能像右手一樣靈活

中：靈巧的

英：unusually skillful

例： He is completely ambidextrous, that is to say, completely able to express himself in verse or prose.

同：skilled, adept, facile

dexterous

記憶法：dexter（右側的）。通常右(dexter)手比較靈巧(dexterous)

中：靈巧的

英：skillful or nimble in the use of the hands, body, or mind

例：He is a dexterous debater who deals swiftly with interrogators.

同：adroit, deft, nimble, artful

adroit

記憶法：adroit在法文是右手的意思，普遍人是右撇子，因此右手演化成靈巧的意思

中：精明的；靈巧的

英：very skillful and quick in the way you think or move.

例：She became adroit at dealing with difficult questions.

同：skillful, clever, deft, apt, adept, dexterous

dialogue

對話

diaphanous

中：薄如蟬翼的

英：very sheer and light; nearly transparent

例：as diaphanous as a spider's web.

同: TRANSLUCENT, SHEER, GOSSAMER, VAPOROUS

diurnal

記憶法：dia（日）

中：日行性的

例：diurnal species

反： nocturnal

quotidian

記憶法：dia（日）＝日常的

中：普通的；日常的

英：ordinary; everyday; commonplace

例：Television has become part of our quotidian existence.

同：daily, ordinary, commonplace, usual, humdrum

dichotomy

記憶法：di（二）＋ tom（切）＝二分法

中：二分法；分成兩部分；對立；一分為二

英：a division into two especially mutually exclusive or contradictory groups

例：There is often a dichotomy between what politicians say and what they do.

同：contradiction, incongruity, parado

dilatory

記憶法：delay（拖延）。Lay（放，擱置）。事情一直被擱置(lay)＝拖延(dilatory)

中：拖延的，遲緩的

英：tending to delay or procrastinate; slow; tardy

例：dilatory behaviour/tactics

同：tardy, procrastinating, late

divergent

記憶法：dis（不，分離）＋ vert（轉變，改變）＝往分離的方向轉＝分歧

中：不同的，對立的

英：differing; disagreeing; different; conflicting

例：I tried to combine their divergent views.

同：disparate, diverse, dissimilar

dubious

記憶法： doubt（懷疑）

中1：可疑的

英1：of doubtful quality

例1：These claims are dubious and not scientifically proven.

同1：questionable, equivocal

中2：懷疑的

英2：Unsure

例2：I'm dubious about his promises to change his ways.

同2：obscure, uncertain, hesitant, suspicious

duplicity

記憶法：內心外表有兩(du)種模式＝欺騙

中：欺騙；兩面手法

英：contradictory doubleness of thought, speech, or action.

例：They were accused of duplicity in their dealings with both sides.

同：artifice, cozenage, craft, crookery, cunning, deceit, deception.

disputatious

記憶法：dispute（吵架，爭論）＝容易引起爭論＝有爭議的、dis (不、分離)

中：爭執的；易起爭端的；有爭議的

英：liking to argue and disagree; provoking debate.

例：The disputatious style of his magazine articles led him into controversy.

同：agonistic, argumentative, belligerent, confrontational, contentious, truculent, pugnacious.

disparate

記憶法：dis(不)＋par(相等)＝相異

中：完全不同的；相異的

英：markedly distinct in quality or character; different in every way.

例：The two cultures were so utterly disparate that she found it hard to adapt from one to the other.

同：distinct, distinctive.

distinct

記憶法：從他物分離(dis)出來特別做記號(stinct)=顯著的，stig/stinct（做記號、刺）

中1：顯著的

英1：clear to the senses or the mind.

例1：There's a distinct smell of cigarettes in here.

同1：notable.

中2：差別明顯的

英2：distinguished as not being the same.

例2：There are two distinct factions within the one political party.

同2：separate, discrete

divergent

記憶法：dis（不，分離）＋ vert（轉變，改變）＝往分離的方向轉＝分歧

中：不同的，對立的

英：differing; disagreeing; different; conflicting

例：I tried to combine their divergent views.

同：disparate, diverse, dissimilar

indifferent

記憶法： 對於任何變化(difference)都不(im, in)感興趣

中：不感興趣的；不關心的，冷淡的

英：without interest or concern

例：Why don't you vote? How can you be so indifferent?

同：unconcerned, aloof, detached, disinterested

abdicate

記憶法：對外公開說(dict)自己要離開(ab)原本的職位

中：放棄職責，退位

英：to renounce or relinquish a throne, right, power, claim, responsibility, or the like, esp. in a formal manner

例：She abdicated all responsibility for the project.

同：relinquish, give up, renounce, abandon, repudiate.

benediction

中：祈福

英：an utterance of good wishes or a blessing

例：concluded the service with a benediction.

同: BLESS, SANCTIFICATION, BEATIFICATION

dictate

記憶法：dict（說，講話）。我說(dict)的算＝命令(dictate)

中：決定

英：to command with great authority

例：The rules dictate that only running shoes must be worn on the track.

同：order, command, demand, direct, mandate

indict

中：告發；起訴

英：to charge with a crime

例：Five people were indicted for making and selling counterfeit currency.

同：charge, accuse

malediction

中：咒駡

英：the utterance of a curse

例：He left, muttering maledictions against them.

同：defamation, calumny

predicament

記憶法：pre（前）＋ dict（說，講話）。Predicate（斷言）。可預(pre)言(dict)任務會失敗＝困境(predicament)

中：窘境，困境

英：an unpleasantly difficult, perplexing, or dangerous situation

例：She is hoping to get a loan from her bank to help her out of her financial predicament.

同：dilemma, plight, quandary

valediction

中：告別

英：an act of bidding farewell or taking leave

verdict

中：判決

英：any judgment or decision

例：The jury reached a unanimous verdict of guilty.

同：judgment, finding, decision

didactic

記憶法：did, doc=教條，教導

中：說教的

英：intended for instruction

例：a didactic approach to teaching

同：pedantic, preachy, homily

docile

記憶法：doc（教學）。很容易教(doc)的＝溫順的

中：溫順的；易控制的

英：easily managed or handled

例：The once docile population has finally risen up against the ruthless regime.

同：mild, tractable, malleable, compliant, obedient, manageable

doctrine

記憶法：did, doc=教條，教導

中：教條

例：The government was founded on a doctrine of equality for all people.

同：dogma

doctrinaire

記憶法：did, doc=教條，教導

中：教條的，脫離實際的

英：inflexible and rigid about one's ideas

例：He has a somewhat doctrinaire approach to running the company.

同：authoritarian, uncompromising, inflexible, unyielding, dogmatic, opinionated, bigoted, stubborn

doleful

記憶法：dol（受苦，傷痛）。

中：哀傷的

英：sorrowful; mournful; melancholy

例：a doleful look on her face

同：sad, sorrowful, mournful, melancholy

dolorous

記憶法：dol（受苦，傷痛）。

中：傷感的

英：causing or involving pain or sorrow

例：a dolorous melody; dolorous news

同：grievous, mournful

indolent

中：懶散的

英：lazy; slothful

例：an indolent wave of the hand

同：lazy, slothful, inactive, idle, languid, sluggish

predominant

中1：占主導地位的

英1：having authority or influence over others; preeminent

例1：the predominant ethnic group in that country

同1：prevailing, preeminent, main, principal, leading

中2：占絕大多數的

英2：greater in number or amount

例2：the predominant color of a painting

condone

記憶法：don, do, dow＝給予＝給(do)對方一個機會

中：饒恕；縱容

英：to disregard, overlook, or approve of (something unacceptable, illegal, etc.)

例：We can't condone our children's violent acts.

同：pardon, excuse, overlook, approve, disregard

dormant

記憶法：dorm（宿舍，睡眠）。宿舍(dorm)是睡覺(dorm)的地方

中1：沉睡的

英1：inactive, such as in sleep

例1：The lecturer's sudden shout woke the dormant audience.

同1：inactive, torpid, abeyance, quiescent

中2：潛藏

英2：undeveloped or inactive; held back

例2：She had talents that lay dormant.

同2：latent, somnolent, lethargic

endorse

中：背書支持，宣傳

英：to express or give approval or support of, esp. publicly

例：to endorse a political candidate

同：approve, sanction, support

dogmatism

武斷；自以為是; 教條主義

dogmatic

記憶法：dog=教條，教導，理念，意見＝意見很強的＝武斷

中：武斷的；自以為是的

英：putting forward opinions in an aggressive and dictatorial manner

例：He was offensive and dogmatic in our meeting.

同：arbitrary, imperious, dictatorial.

heterodox

記憶法：理念(dox, dog, doc)意見和正統不同(hetero)

中：非正統的，異端的

英：not agreeing with established doctrines

例：His opinions have always been distinctly heterodox.

同：heretical, dissenting, unconventional

paradox

記憶法：悖論＝似是而非的想法或是理論(dox, dog)

中：悖論，矛盾

英：a self-contradictory statement that at first seems true.

例：It's a curious paradox that drinking a lot of water can often make you feel thirsty.

同：irony

orthodox

記憶法：ortho＝正確，直的。正(ortho)統的

中：傳統的，普遍接受的

英：customary or normal; generally accepted

例：We would prefer a more orthodox approach/solution to the problem.

同：conventional, standard, doctrinal, conservative, traditional

adduce

記憶法：ad（向前）＋ duc（引導，帶領）＝『引』證

中：引證，舉出

英: to bring forward, as in evidence.

例：None of the evidence adduced in court was conclusive.

同：cite

conducive

記憶法：con（共同，一起）＋ duc（引導，帶領）。接受引導(duc)對自己是有助益(conducive)的

中：有助的，有益的

英：leading, causing, or contributing to a result

例：Good eating habits are conducive to good health.

同：conducing; contributive; helpful; favorable

deduce

記憶法：de（離，下，不）＋ duc（引導，帶領）。

中：推斷

英：to derive as a conclusion from something known or assumed; infer

例：From the evidence the detective deduced that the gardener had done it.

同：conclude, reason, gather, determine, surmise, decide, assume

deduct

記憶法：de（離，下，不）＋ duc（引導，帶領）。數量向下(de)＝減去(deduct)

中：減

英：detract; abate

例：The rocky soil deducts from the value of his property.

同：diminish, subtract, decrease

seductive

英：tending to seduce; enticing; beguiling; captivating

例：a seductive smile

subdue

中：制服；控制

英：to overcome or overpower by force: to hold back, keep in control, or repress

例：He criticized the school for trying to subdue individual expression.

同：defeat, conquer, subjugate, vanquish, suppress, repress He criticized the school for trying to subdue individual expression. SYN: DEFEAT, CONQUER, SUBJUGATE, VANQUISH, SUPPRESS, REPRESS

dulcet

中：輕柔悅耳的

英：pleasant to the ear; melodious

例： the dulcet tones of the cello.

同: EUPHONIOUS, MELLIFLUOUS

endure

中：忍受，持續

英：to continue to exist; last

例：The music of Bach has endured through the ages.

同：continue, persist, last, remain

obdurate

記憶法：ob（反，朝向）＋ dur（持續，強硬）＝強硬的反抗＝頑固的

中：頑固的

英：unyielding

例：He is known for his obdurate determination.

同：stubborn, persistent, obstinate, callous, unbending, inflexible

defy

記憶法：de（離，下，不）＋ fid（信心，信任）。不(de)相信(fid)對方的話＝違抗對方想法

中：對抗；違抗；反抗

英：to refuse to obey a person, decision, law, situation, etc.

例：It is rare to see children openly defying their teachers.

同：disobey, rebel

disgruntled

記憶法：不滿的時候嘴裡會咕噥(grunt)抱怨

中：不滿的；不悅的

英：unhappy, annoyed, and disappointed about something.

例：My father always became disgruntled if dinner was late.

同：grouchy, testy, sullen, grumpy, dissatisfied, disappointed, displeased, discontented

dwindle

中：減少、縮小、衰落

英：diminish gradually in size, amount, or strength

例：her career dwindled over the years

同：diminish, decrease, reduce, decline, degenerate, deteriorate, fail, ebb, wane