Simple Machine

Simple Machine

are devices with no, or very few, moving parts that make work easier by changing the direction or amount of force you need to use.

1. Inclined Plane

2. Wedge

3. Screw

4. Wheel and axle

5. Lever

6. Pulley

Types of Simple Machine

Inclined Plane

is a flat surface that is set at an angle (sloped) to help move objects to a higher or lower level with less effort.

Wedge

a simple machine that forces objects or substances apart by applying force to a large surface area

a simple machine that is good for holding things together because of the threading around the shaft.

Screw

Large Distance Input:

Every time you turn a screwdriver in one full circle, your hand travels a relatively large distance

Small Distance Input

In exchange for that full rotation, the screw only moves forward by a tiny fraction of an inch or millimeter

Wheel and Axle

a simple machine that reduces the friction involved in moving an object, making the object easier to transport, made of a large wheel attached to a smaller rod called an axle. The wheel and axle rotate together as one unit.

Lever

a simple machine that uses a bar and a pivot point (fulcrum) to make lifting, moving, or prying objects easier with less force.

Mechanical Advantage of Inclined Plane

Mechanical Advantage of Wedge

Mechanical Advantage of Screw

Mechanical Advantage of Wheel and Axle

Mechanical Advantage of Lever

1. Effort, fulcrum, load

2. 2. Effort, load, fulcrum

3. Fulcrum, effort, load

The Classes of Lever

effort, fulcrum, load

First class of lever:

effort, load, fulcrum

second class of lever

fulcrum, effort, load

Third class of lever

Pulley

a simple machine consisting of a grooved a wheel and a rope, cable, or chain. It is used to lift or move heavy objects more easily by changing the direction of the applied force or reducing the amount of force needed

1. Fixed Pulley

2. Movable Pulley

3. Block and Tackle Pulley

4. Compound Pulley

Types of Pulley:

Fixed Pulley

Attacled to a fixed support and doer not move. Changes the direction of the force but does not reduce the amount of force needed

Movable Pulley

Attached to the load and moves with it. It reduces the required force.

Compound Pulley

А combination of fixed and movable pulleys. Gently reduces effort required to lift heavy objects

Block and Tackle Pulley

A specific type of compound pulley, where pulleys are required in two blacks connected by a single rope.

Compound Machines

is made of 2 or more simple machines

1. Friction

2. Weight

3. Tension

4. Torque

Key forces of Compound Machine