6.1-6.4 APUSH

Industrial Capitalism

An economic system characterized by large-scale industrial production, significant capital investment, and the concentration of ownership in corporations.

Gilded Age

A period in U.S. history (approx. 1870-1900) marked by rapid industrialization, economic growth, and widespread corruption.

Transcontinental Railroads

Railroads that connected the east and west coasts of the United States, facilitating trade, migration, and economic development.

Second Industrial Revolution

A period of rapid industrial growth in the United States, characterized by technological innovations and the expansion of industrial production.

Urbanization

The process by which rural areas become urbanized as a result of population growth and migration to cities.

Pro-growth government policies

Government actions that promote economic growth, often through favorable regulations, land grants, and low taxes.

New Immigrants

Immigrants who arrived in the U.S. during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, particularly from southern and eastern Europe and Asia.

Laissez-faire capitalism

An economic system where the government minimally intervenes in the market, allowing free trade and competition.

Farmers' Alliances

Organizations of farmers in the late 19th century that sought to address economic grievances and advocate for political reforms.

Plessy v. Ferguson

An 1896 Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the doctrine of 'separate but equal.'

Ocala Platform

A statement of goals that emerged from the National Alliance meeting in 1890, advocating for agricultural reforms and political change.

Barbed Wire

A fencing material invented to improve the management of livestock and quickly became crucial on the Great Plains.

Homestead Act of 1862

Legislation that provided 160 acres of public land to settlers for a small fee, encouraging westward expansion.

Assimilationists

Individuals or groups advocating for American Indian cultural assimilation into mainstream American society.

Dawes Severalty Act (1887)

A law that aimed to assimilate American Indians into American society by distributing tribal lands to individual members.

Jim Crow laws

State and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States.

Growing Inequities in Wealth Distribution

A social phenomenon during the Gilded Age where a small percentage of the population accumulated vast wealth, while many remained poor.

Conservation Movement

A social and political movement aimed at protecting natural resources, controlled land use, and preserving wilderness areas.

Ghost Dance movement

A Native American religious movement in the late 19th century that sought to restore Indigenous culture and way of life through spiritual renewal.