Quiz: Chap 6: Biomedical Science and Minimally Invasive Surgery (Microbiology)

Robert Hooke is known for:

observing fungal growth.

Which of the following scientists created a microscope?

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Robert Koch was able to prove the germ theory by colonizing the bacteria that caused:

anthrax.

Which of the following viruses is recently labeled extensively drug-resistant?

XDR-TB

One of the protective measures for the surgical team that should be implemented when
working with sharps on a patient with a contagious disease is to:

use a neutral zone.

The relationship between human host and indigenous microflora is called:

symbiosis.

E. coli that colonizes withing human intestine is an example of:

mutualism.

An optical microscope uses:

light source and compounding
medium.

The microscope that provides detailed, three-dimensional images of the specimen by
reflecting light off the surface of the specimen is the:

stereo microscope.

The part of the microscope that allows the viewer to select an objective lenses power
is the:

objective lens.

Stage controls:

adjust the location or height of the stage.

Which of the following staining methods is used to determine the basic shape and
structures of the cell and is applied with a single dye?

simple staining

What color do Gram-positive bacteria retain after Gram staining?

purple

Which of the following staining methods is specifically used to identify bacteria such
as M. tuberculosis?

acid-fast staining

The purpose of counterstaining in acid-fast staining is to:

provide contrast and visualize non-acid cells.

The sample for a culture and sensitivity test is usually collected in:

a test tube.

The primary goal of the first step in a culture and sensitivity test is to:

allow the microorganisms to colonize and grow.

If the organism is sensitive to an antibiotic, it means that:

it is susceptible to treatment with that antibiotic.

Which of the following types of culture media consists of more than one nutrient with
unknown composition?

complex

Which of the following methods allows for periodical transfer of the organism to a
fresh culture medium to maintain its viability?

subculturing

What does the term nomenclature mean?

naming living organisms

The main category of a plant or animal in the Linnean classification system is:

family

Which of the following domains in Carl Woese’s system includes single-celled
eukaryotic organism such as fungi, plants, and animals?

eukarya

The primary function of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells is:

genetic control.

The genetic material in prokaryotic cells is located in the:

nucleoid.

Which of the following molecules is typically used as a source of energy in active
transport?

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Which of the following functions is an example of passive transport?

diffusion

Filtration is the:

movement of small substances through a filter membrane.

Which of the following organisms is NOT a common pathogen in the healthcare
setting?

a.

algae

b.

bacteria

c.

protozoa

d.

viruses

algae

In healthcare, the acronym HAI stands for:

healthcare-associated infection.

Which of the following choices is NOT a common type of HAI?

skin infection

The most transmitted pathogen in the surgical environment is:

Staphylococcus aureus.

The primary goal of the surgical team member’s effort to prevent SSIs is to:

provide the best surgical outcome.

Which of the following terms refers to round-shaped bacteria?

cocci

DNA is unique to each bacteria species because:

it has a unique DNA sequence.

Which of the following bacteria is known for causing postoperative surgical site
infections and resistant to methicillin?

S. aureus

Mycology is the study of:

fungi.

Vaginal yeast infection is caused by:

Candida albicans.

Which of the following diseases in humans is characterized by dementia and
myoclonus and is associated with prion infections?

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)

using the host cell to replicate its own genetic material.

Which of the following stages of the infectious process is characterized by the most
severe signs and symptoms of the disease?

illness

The the point at which a microbe enters the human body is the:

portal of entry.

Which of the following terms is used for the first line of defense against pathogens
that consists of natural barriers such as intact skin and mucus?

innate immunity

According to the CDC, the primary focus of Standard Precautions is to:

prevent transmission of a disease.

Which of the following practices is NOT a recommended Standard Precaution for
healthcare workers?

a.

sharing PPE with colleagues

b.

frequent hand hygiene

c.

safe sharps handling

d.

use of appropriate PPE

sharing PPE with colleagues

Algae produce a cyanotoxin and can be harmful to humans.

True

Guideline IV for Use of Eye Protection During Surgical Procedures suggests that used
goggles should be discarded in regular waste bins.

False

According to Guideline I for Laundering of Scrub Attire, scrub attire should be laundered in a
home washing machine to reduce the risk of cross-contamination.

False

Public health initiatives are safe practices that are established and enforced to protect
the health of the citizens by preventing the spread of infectious diseases.

True

The mask must be always worn in restricted areas, including the substerile rooms and
scrub sinks.

True