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Value Consensus
General agreement across a society on a set of values
Structural Theory
Looks at society as a whole (Macro approach)
Inevitable
The idea that some level of crime is always going to happen in society
Boundary Maintenance
Crime unites society by punishing an offender and reaffirming shared rules
Strain Theory
Merton's theory that deviance occurs when a society does not give all its members equal ability to achieve socially acceptable goals
Anomie
A sense of normlessness and despair that arises when we can no longer understand societies goals
Innovation
When crime and deviance arises because people still want to fulfill societies goals (e.g. obtain wealth), but do it through illegitimate means
Hollywood Hills Burglars
A group of offenders who suffered from Strain, as they wanted to become celebrates without doing the hard work
Subculture
A distinctive sets of norms and values that provide an alternative to mainstream culture
Non-Utilitarian Crimes
Crimes where there is no financial gain
Status Frustration
People feel worthless if they can't achieve cultural goals, so seek alternative means of gaining status
Retreatist Subcultures
Deviants who drop out of society and abuse alcohol or drugs
