History of Latin America Flash Cards

Chapter 8: Revolution

Populism

A leadership style that focuses on appealing to the middle class, with increased voting due to women’s rights.

Peronism

A political movement in Argentina named after Juan Peron, emphasizing national pride and ending foreign ownership.

Juan Peron

A nationalist army officer who became president of Argentina from 1946 to 1955, instilling national pride.

Brasilia

A capital city built in Brazil with ultramodern design, aimed at moving away from neocolonialism.

Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)

The political party that held the presidency and significant power in Mexico continuously.

U.S Cold War Policies in Latin America

The U.S sought to prevent communism from spreading in Latin America and aimed to keep them as low-wage raw material producers.

Jacobo Arbenz

The Guatemalan leader who confiscated large estates to redistribute land to peasants, leading to U.S intervention.

Cuban Revolution

A movement where LA nationalists, influenced by Marxist views, sought to overthrow Batista and establish a new political order.

Che Guevara

An Argentine medical student who became a key figure in the Cuban Revolution, advocating for a rise against capitalist imperialists.

Batista

The U.S.-backed leader of Cuba who was dictatorial and cruel, leading to his eventual flight from power.

Fidel Castro

Cuban revolutionary leader who executed pro-Batista supporters and implemented reforms like land redistribution and free healthcare.

Bay of Pigs Invasion

A failed military attempt by CIA-trained Cuban exiles to overthrow Fidel Castro's regime in 1961.

Cuban Missile Crisis

A pivotal moment in 1962 when the U.S. faced the threat of Soviet missiles in Cuba, leading to a blockade decision.

U.S-Cuban Relations Post-Cuban Missile Crisis

Strained relations with continued embargoes and a shift of Cuba towards closer ties with the USSR.

Fidel Castro's Achievements

Increased educational opportunities, strides toward literacy and public health, but with lack of free speech or travel.

Richest and Most Industrialized Nation in LA in Post-War Era

Argentina, during the time of Peronism.