Anatomy and Physiology

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation, primarily occurring in the bone marrow.

Erythrocytes

Another term for red blood cells; they transport oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Leukocytes

White blood cells that are essential for the immune response.

Thrombocytes

Platelets involved in blood clotting.

Erythropoiesis

The specific process of red blood cell formation necessary for adequate oxygen transport.

Proerythroblast

The earliest recognizable precursor in red blood cell development, characterized by its large and basophilic nature.

Reticulocyte

An immature red blood cell that still contains some organelles; matures to a fully functional erythrocyte within 1-2 days.

Erythropoietin (EPO)

A hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production.

Anemia

A condition characterized by reduced red blood cell count or hemoglobin.

Leukemia

Cancer of the blood-forming tissues, leading to high numbers of abnormal white blood cells.

Thrombocytopenia

A condition of low platelet count, leading to increased risk of bleeding.

Tricuspid Valve

The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle.

Pulmonary Valve

The valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery.

Mitral Valve

The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle.

Aortic Valve

The valve between the left ventricle and aorta.

Blood flow sequence

The pathway of blood flow: Right Atrium -> Tricuspid Valve -> Right Ventricle -> Pulmonary Valve -> Pulmonary Arteries -> Lungs -> Pulmonary Veins -> Left Atrium -> Mitral Valve -> Left Ventricle -> Aortic Valve -> Aorta -> Body.