Steven-Lucas Chapter Quiz Questions - Public Speaking Final #1

Anything that impedes the communication of a message is called __________.

interference

Why does the listener's feedback play a very important role in public speaking as well as ordinary conversations?

because it helps the speaker to adapt their message to the audience based on reactions

While listening to a speech about gun control, Scott thought back to his experiences as an intern with the police department and decided that the speaker was knowledgeable about the subject. What was Scott doing?

filtering the message through his frame of reference

Which recommendation is a way to help you deal with nervousness in your speeches?

work especially hard on your speech introduction

Public speaking is similar to everyday conversation in which of the following ways?

1 - it requires you to organize your thoughts logically

2 - it requires you to tailor your message to the audience

3 - it involves telling a story for maximum impact

4 - it involves adapting to listener feedback

Which among the following are the time-tested ways to convert negative nervousness into positive nervousness?

1 - gain speaking experience

2 - think positively

3 - utilize visualization

What should public speakers do to avoid ethnocentrism?

show respect for the cultures of the people they address

_________ is mental imaging in which speakers vividly picture themselves giving a successful presentation.

visualization

________ is the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.

ethnocentrism

________ is controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for their presentation.

positive nervousness

Which of the following things should a speaker avoid to ensure effective public speech?

lack of enthusiasm and interest

What does critical thinking include?

1 - assessing the soundness of evidence

2 - judging the credibility of statements

3 - seeing the relationships among ideas

_________ is anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience.

stage fright

The messages, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker are called ________.

feedback

Which statements are true regarding public speaking in the context of civic engagement?

1- it means using the public stage to express ideas that can address crucial matters of society

2 - it means making a difference in something that is crucial to the community

Which of the following violates speakers' ethical obligation to be honest in what they say?

1 - citing unsual cases as typical examples

2 - juggling statistics

3 - quoting out of context

________ is the use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups.

name-calling

In public speaking, sound ethical decisions involve weighing a potential course of action against what?

a set of ethical standards or guidelines

What is not a basic or unspoken assumption of public speaking?

speaker is deceptive

Even if your speech as a whole is ethical, you can still be guilty of _________ plagiarism if you fail to give credit for quotations, paraphrases, and other specific parts of the speech that are borrowed from other people.

incremental

Guidelines for ethical listening include which of the following?

1 - be courteous and attentive

2 - avoid prejudging the speaker

3 - maintain the free and open expression of ideas

If you present another person's language or ideas as your own, you are guilty of ________.

plagiarism

The utmost aim of public speakers is to obtain preferred responses from their listeners. Which statements are true in the context?

1 - the ethical responsibilities must be honored

2 - the course of action must be moral, fair, and honest

Gabrielle, a physiology major, waited until the last minute to begin preparing her persuasive speech. When her friend Ken learned that she was panicking over the assignment, he gave her the outline of a speech he had delivered in class the previous semester. Gabrielle used the speech and presented it as her own. Which of the following is true?

Gabrielle is guilty of global plagiarism because she took a speech entirely from a single source and passed it off as her own

_________ is the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs.

ethics

Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own is called __________ plagiarism.

patchwork

When speakers __________, they restate or summarize an author's ideas in their own words.

paraphrase

Which statement accurately describes the main point of contention between global plagiarism and patchwork plagiarism?

global plagiarism involves relying on the entirety of one source, whereas patchwork plagiarism involves copying content or ideas from several sources

What are the ethical duties of a speaker concerning public speech?

1 - consider the impact of the speech on the listeners

2 - evaluate both sides of the issue or subject of the speech

Because speechmaking is a form of power, it carries with it heavy ___________ responsibilities.

ethical

Ivan is attending a union meeting in which the union president is discussing the company's plan to decrease wages in exchange for an increase in vacation time. As Ivan listens, he is trying to determine whether or not to vote for the plan. Ivan is engaged in _________ listening.

critical

Listening for pleasure or enjoyment is called _______ listening.

appreciative

Which of the following statements correctly sums up the term "hearing"?

1 - it can be defined as an involuntary process that includes the firing of nerve impulses, to convey sound to the brain

2 - it can be defined as a physiological phenomenon that entails sending the vibration of sound waves to the brain

Carlos is listing to the speech of a Nobel Prize winner, a person he strongly respects. He listens to the speaker's every word, but after the speech is finished, he has difficulty summarizing what the speech was about. Carlos has committed which of the following causes of poor listening?

listening too hard

______ is one of the four causes of poor listening.

not concentrating

What is the first step in improving your listening skills?

take listening seriously

_________ listening is listening to provide emotional support for a speaker.

empathic

Listening to evaluate a message for the purpose of accepting or rejecting it is called ______ listening.

critical

At a coffee shop on campus, Rachel listens to her friend Shanti discuss his feelings about his mother's recent death. Rachel is primarily engaged in ________ listening.

empathic

Mr. Jimmy shared a speech with his students and asked them to identify the general objective or content of the speech. Which of the following techniques has been used here to help students to improve their listening?

listening for main points

What are the two kinds of listening most closely tied to critical thinking?

comprehensive listening and critical listening

What are the strategies that can help an individual to become a better listener?

1 - avoid distractions and ignore noise while listening to a speaker

2 - analyze the language, method of delivery, visual aids, and gestures of the speaker

3 - look for evidence that supports the facts shared by the speaker

Which communicative activity takes up the most time of individuals?

listening

______ listeners give their undivided attention to the speaker in a genuine effort to understand the speaker's point of view.

active

Listening to understand the message of a speaker is called __________ listening.

comprehensive

The ____________ is what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech.

residual message

A student scanned a dictionary on the web, limiting her focus to the letter "R" only, and eventually she had several potential topics for her speech. Which brainstorming procedure has been used by the student here?

internet search

"To persuade my audience that the U.S. space program provides many important benefits to people here on earth" is an example of a(n).

specific purpose statement

____________ is a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas.

brainstorming

The ____________ is a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in a speech.

specific purpose statement

When you want to change or structure the attitudes of your audience, your general purpose is to _____________.

persuade

Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: "To persuade my audience that our state legislature should protect Internet privacy and increase spending for education."

it contains two unrelated ideas

Which are the two categories for selecting a topic for classroom speeches?

1 - subjects about which the speaker has ample knowledge

2 - subjects about which the speaker is interested to know

Identify the flaw in the following central idea for a speech: "Something should be done about rising sea levels."

its too vague

When your general purpose is to ____________, you act as a teacher or lecturer.

inform

The ____________ is a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the main points of a speech.

central idea

What are the characteristics of a bad specific purpose statement for a speech?

1 - the purpose is alien to the audience.

2 - the purpose is too trivial for the audience.

3 - the purpose is overly technical

Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: "Why should the university raise tuition?"

it's expressed as a question

A brainstorming method that involves listing experience, hobbies, skills, and beliefs is called ______.

personal inventory

What is the central idea of a speech with the following main points?

I. Isabel Baumfree was born into slavery in the state of New York during the 1790s.

II. After undergoing a conversion experience and changing her name to Sojourner Truth, she began preaching during the 1840s.

III. Over the next few decades, she became a celebrated speaker for various reform causes.

Sojourner Truth was born into slavery, underwent a conversion experience, and became a speaker for various reform causes

The primary purpose of speechmaking is to __________.

gain a desired response from listeners

Questions that require responses at fixed intervals along a scale of answers are called ____________ questions.

scale

New attitudes about race and ethnicity are especially evident among ______.

Gen Z

The tendency of people to be concerned above all with their own values, beliefs, and well-being is called __________.

egocentrism

"Do you think gun control is a workable solution to the problem of violence in U.S. schools?" is an example of a(n) _____________ question.

fixed-alternative

Why is it important to realize the importance of religion in audience analysis?

1 - religious beliefs are emotionally charged and defended.

2 - there is increasing religious diversity in the United States.

Creating an oversimplified image of a particular group of people, usually by assuming that all members of the group are alike, is called ___________.

stereotyping

Why should the public speaker be mindful of gender and sexual orientation in the context of public speech?

1 - avoid stereotyping, and be cautious about words or language that may exclude some sexual orientations or gender identities

2 - the public speaker should be aware of inclusive language to make sure to respect the diverse religious, sexual orientations, and gender identities

When gauging your audience's disposition toward the speech topic, you should take into account their _____.

1 - attitude toward the topic

2 - interest in the topic

3 - knowledge about the topic

Dr. Kristin Lutz is preparing an informative talk about the genetic relationship between twins for a group of expectant parents. The most important factor Dr. Lutz should consider when analyzing her audience is probably its _____.

knowledge of the topic

Which of the following factors is not considered for demographic audience analysis?

interests

What are the most important things to consider when adapting to the audience before the speech?

1 - gauging the response of the audience to the speech

2 - making adjustments to make it clear and convincing

Which of the following is a factor in situational audience analysis?

the size of the audience

Audience-centeredness involves keeping your audience foremost in your mind _______.

at every step of speech preparation and presentation

Mayor Kathleen Baldwin has been asked to address the Wakefield Community Association about the issue of constructing a swimming pool in the neighborhood. The most important factor Baldwin should consider when analyzing her audience is probably its __________.

attitude toward the topic

Which of the following should ideally be selected to check the status of a book in the library?

catalouge

Which of these reference works would most likely deal with people in the news?

"International Who's Who"

Which are key steps for preparing a successful research interview?

1 - define the purpose of the interview

2 - decide whether to record the interview

3 - prepare your questions

A ____________ is a list, compiled early in the research process, of works that look as if they might contain helpful information about a speech topic.

preliminary bibliography

If there is no clearly identified author for a document on the Internet, you should try to determine the ____________ that is responsible for the document.

sponsoring organization

When you choose a topic from your own experience, you should do which of the following?

supplement it with a personal touch

Library resources include ________.

1 - reference works

2 - academic databases

3 - newspaper and periodical database

What is a recommended way to do speech research?

1 - think about your materials as you research

2 - take notes efficiently

3 - start early

What is the advantage of using the internet for research over a library?

recency

What role can a librarian play in library research?

1 - they can track down the specific source of information

2- they can help locate sources of data and information

Which of the following is not used to search for books using the library catalogue?

number of pages

The ____________ lists all the books, periodicals, and other resources owned by a library.

catalouge

Which are key elements to keep in mind during a research interview?

1 - repeat the purpose of the interview

2 - dress appropriately

3 - don't overstay your welcome

Most library catalogues allow you to search for books by ________.

1 - author

2 - title

3 - keyword

____________ are used in libraries to classify books and periodicals and to indicate where they can be found on the shelves.

call numbers

The term for the statistical measure popularly known as the "average" is the ____________.

mean

If you quoted your sixteen-year-old niece on the impact of media violence on high-school students, you would be using ____________ testimony.

peer

The three kinds of supporting materials discussed in your textbook are _______.

1 - statistics

2 - examples

3 - testimony

Which of the following methods is correct to ensure that the reliability of the statistics is recognized by the audience?

mentioning the sources of their statistics to the audience

Which of the following reasons is valid to make complicated statistics easily understood by listeners?

rounding off most statistics

What type of supporting material would you be using if you quoted Yale physicist Daniel Timbie on the compatibility of the big bang theory with religious philosophies?

expert testimony

A(n) ____________ is a specific case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like.

example

When using statistics in a speech, you should ____________.

1 - use statistics strategically

2 - identify the sources of your statistics

3 - round off complicated statistic

According to your textbook, a(n) ____________ example is a story, narrative, or anecdote developed at some length to illustrate a point.

extended