Study guide

Materialism

The belief that only physical matter exists.

Dualism

The philosophical theory that both material (body) and immaterial (mind) substances exist.

Cogito, ergo sum

Latin for "I think, therefore I am," emphasizing self-awareness and existence.

Wax Argument

Demonstrates that our understanding of objects remains while their physical properties can change.

Category Mistake

Ryle's argument that the mind is not separate from the body, challenging dualism.

Design Argument

Paley's assertion that the complexity in nature implies an intelligent designer, or God.

Pascal's Wager

The belief that it is rational to believe in God as the potential for eternal happiness with minimal loss.

Critique of Faith

Scriven's argument that faith lacks the justificatory power that reason provides.

Hiddenness of God

McKim's concept that God's inaccessibility leads to challenges in belief and faith.

Free Will Defense

The argument that free will justifies the existence of evil by allowing for moral choices.

___ is the belief that only physical matter exists.

Materialism

___ is the philosophical theory that both material and immaterial substances exist.

Dualism

___ means 'I think, therefore I am' in Latin.

Cogito, ergo sum

The ___ Argument demonstrates that our understanding of objects remains while their physical properties can change.

Wax

___ is Ryle's argument that the mind is not separate from the body, challenging dualism.

Category Mistake

Paley's ___ asserts that the complexity in nature implies an intelligent designer, or God.

Design Argument

___ suggests it is rational to believe in God as the potential for eternal happiness with minimal loss.

Pascal's Wager

Scriven's argument regarding faith is that it lacks the justificatory power that reason provides, referred to as the ___ of Faith.

Critique

The ___ of God is McKim's concept that God's inaccessibility leads to challenges in belief and faith.

Hiddenness

The ___ Defense argues that free will justifies the existence of evil by allowing for moral choices.

Free Will

What is the definition of materialism in philosophy?

Materialism is the belief that only physical matter exists.

What does dualism propose about the nature of reality?

Dualism proposes that both material (body) and immaterial (mind) substances exist.

What does 'Cogito, ergo sum' emphasize?

It emphasizes self-awareness and existence.

How does the Wax Argument illustrate our understanding of objects?

It demonstrates that our understanding of objects remains even when their physical properties change.

What does Ryle's Category Mistake argue?

It argues that the mind is not separate from the body, thus challenging dualism.

What is the Design Argument in philosophy?

The Design Argument asserts that the complexity in nature implies an intelligent designer, or God.

What is Pascal's Wager?

It is the belief that it is rational to believe in God as it offers the potential for eternal happiness with minimal loss.

What is Scriven's Critique of Faith?

It is the argument that faith lacks the justificatory power that reason provides.

What is the Hiddenness of God?

It is the concept that God's inaccessibility leads to challenges in belief and faith.

What does the Free Will Defense argue about the existence of evil?

It argues that free will justifies the existence of evil by allowing for moral choices.