Diagnostic techniques

Coulter counter measures

blood cell count, anaemia

glucose monitor measures and diagnoses

glucose, diabetes

pulse oximeter measures and diagnoses

blood oxygen content, respiratory diseases

electrocardiogram measures and diagnoses

electroactivity of the heart, cardiac arrhythmia

polymerase chain reaction measures and diagnoses

RNA sequences, COVID

thromboelastograph measures and diagnoses

properties of blood clot, thrombophilia

ultrasound measures and diagnoses

blood velocity stenotic vessel

hypothermia

low body temperature, cold exposure, shock

hyperthermia

high body temperature, infection, overexertion

devices that measure temperature

mercury thermometer, thermistors

thermistors properties

resister that changes resistance with temperature

resistance is measured by a direct current that passes through thermistor to measure volt drop

negative temperature coefficient (NTC) resistors

resistance decreases with increasing temperature

positive temperature coefficient(PTC) resistors

resistance increases with increasing temperature

describe band theory

Band theory is a model in solid-state physics that explains how electrons behave in solids, especially in metals, semiconductors, and insulators.

describe the valence band

highest filled energy levels-requires the most energy to displace electrons

describe the conduction band

higher band where electrons move freely, no energy required

what is the band gap

energy difference between valence and conduction bands

metals band theory

bands overlap causing conduction

semidoncudtor band theory

small gap, conducts with energy input

insulator band theory

large gap, no conduction

what does the Steinhart hart equation describe

the non linear relationship between resistance and temperature

steinhart-hart equation

where a and c are Steinhart parameters

R is resistance

T is temperature (K)

advantages of thermistors

high accuracy (<0.01 C)

fast response rate

disposabledi

advantages of thermistors

need calibration

may suffer from self heating

requires direct contact