IB Geography Hot Arid Desert Landforms

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Geography

IB Geography (HL)

Extreme environments

11th

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9 Terms

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Dunes
Loose sand transported by saltation, suspension, and surface creep → obstruction → sand accumulates on leeward side
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Wadis
Dry gullies/river beds eroded by flash floods

Heavy rainstroms(100-250mm) create torrents on steep slopes

Wadi Rum, Jordan
Dry gullies/river beds eroded by flash floods Heavy rainstroms(100-250mm) create torrents on steep slopes Wadi Rum, Jordan
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Deflation
Wind creates blowout

Creates oasis if it erodes below water table

Qattara Depression in Egypt → 122m below sea level
Wind creates blowout Creates oasis if it erodes below water table Qattara Depression in Egypt → 122m below sea level
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Alluvial Fans
Bottom of desert mountains, streams spread out, deposit transported material
Bottom of desert mountains, streams spread out, deposit transported material
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Rock Pedastals
Sedimentary rock → more and less resistant

Wind can only lift sand 1.5m off the ground → mushroom blocks
Sedimentary rock → more and less resistant Wind can only lift sand 1.5m off the ground → mushroom blocks
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Mesas and Buttes
Relic hills isolate by water erosion, horizontally bedded sedimentary rock, more resistant cap stone on top

M = wider than tall

B = taller than wide
Relic hills isolate by water erosion, horizontally bedded sedimentary rock, more resistant cap stone on top M = wider than tall B = taller than wide
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Desert Erosion
Largely wind, some water
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Weathering
Temperature change weathering, chemical weathering (oxidation), mechanical weathering
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Deposition
Wind and water