IB Geography Hot Arid Desert Landforms

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Dunes

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9 Terms

1

Dunes

Loose sand transported by saltation, suspension, and surface creep → obstruction → sand accumulates on leeward side

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2

Wadis

Dry gullies/river beds eroded by flash floods

Heavy rainstroms(100-250mm) create torrents on steep slopes

Wadi Rum, Jordan

<p>Dry gullies/river beds eroded by flash floods</p><p>Heavy rainstroms(100-250mm) create torrents on steep slopes</p><p>Wadi Rum, Jordan</p>
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3

Deflation

Wind creates blowout

Creates oasis if it erodes below water table

Qattara Depression in Egypt → 122m below sea level

<p>Wind creates blowout</p><p>Creates oasis if it erodes below water table</p><p>Qattara Depression in Egypt → 122m below sea level</p>
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4

Alluvial Fans

Bottom of desert mountains, streams spread out, deposit transported material

<p>Bottom of desert mountains, streams spread out, deposit transported material</p>
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5

Rock Pedastals

Sedimentary rock → more and less resistant

Wind can only lift sand 1.5m off the ground → mushroom blocks

<p>Sedimentary rock → more and less resistant</p><p>Wind can only lift sand 1.5m off the ground → mushroom blocks</p>
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6

Mesas and Buttes

Relic hills isolate by water erosion, horizontally bedded sedimentary rock, more resistant cap stone on top

M = wider than tall

B = taller than wide

<p>Relic hills isolate by water erosion, horizontally bedded sedimentary rock, more resistant cap stone on top</p><p>M = wider than tall</p><p>B = taller than wide</p>
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7

Desert Erosion

Largely wind, some water

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8

Weathering

Temperature change weathering, chemical weathering (oxidation), mechanical weathering

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9

Deposition

Wind and water

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