Rest of quizzes and discussion

Antalgic Gait Pattern

A limping gait characterized by asymmetrical step length.

Support Base Transition

As someone transitions from walking to running, the support base narrows.

Low Arch or Pronated Foot Position

Analyzing the footprint reveals a shape resembling a box.

Extra-Large Foot Angle

Carrying an asymmetrical foot angle can be due to reduced dorsiflexion on the involved side.

Benefit of Infrared Video System

It offers greater accuracy in capturing reflective markers, enhancing research reliability.

Accurate Data in Infrared Analysis

Competent palpation skills are crucial for accurate placement of reflective markers.

High Scores on Tug or Gait Speed Test

Indicate an increased risk of falling in the future.

Vertical Ground Reaction Force Graph

It typically resembles butterfly wings with two peaks during the gait cycle.

Appropriate Seat Back for Good Trunk Control

A low profile foam seat back is most suitable.

Most Efficient Manual Wheelchair

An ultralight rigid framed chair is best for manual propulsion.

Force in Free Body Diagram

Any weight will be demonstrated as a vertical force.

Surface Electrode EMG Wire Attachment

Red goes to muscle and white to bone.

Lever Arm Direction

It runs perpendicular to the fulcrum and force.

Highest Muscle Force Contraction Speed

A fast lengthening contraction results in the maximum muscle force produced.

Active Insufficiency

Reduction in force production occurs when a muscle is shortened to less than 50% of its resting length.

Lowest Ground Reaction Force Phase

The loading response phase of the gait cycle has the lowest ground reaction force.

Class III Lever Example

Occurs when the resistance moment arm is longer than the effort moment arm on the same side of the fulcrum.

Concentric Action with Line of Pull in Front of Hip

Results in hip flexion.

Factors Affecting Muscle Torque Production

The size of the fulcrum has no bearing on the amount of muscle torque produced.

Rate of Torque Production

Indicates how quickly a person can activate their muscle force.

Valgus Stress Application

Occurs when the distal segment moves laterally.

Weight Distribution in Backswing

Should be on the back foot if maximizing driving distance.

Functional Unit of Gait

The unit that includes two steps is known as a stride.

Resultant Force Magnitude Calculation Method

Place two vectors tip to tail and connect the open tail to the open tip.

Preventing Secondary Injuries in ACL Recovery

Use technology to assess specific deficits in force production for various contractions.

Critical Moments in Throwing Motion

Late cocking and ball release are where forces are greatest.

Tendinopathy Risk Factors for Pitchers

High number of repetitions could lead to tendinopathy in pitchers.

Components of Informed Consent

Include mental capacity, explanation of necessity for intervention, and possible side effects.

Torque Equation Definition

In T = F x d, 'd' stands for the length of the moment arm.

Ice and Heat for Ankle Sprains

Ice reduces inflammation in the initial 48-72 hours; heat promotes healing after swelling subsides.

High-Top Shoes vs Low-Top Shoes in Basketball

High-top shoes provide more stability; low-tops enhance performance but increase injury risk.

Cupping vs Graston Technique

Cupping increases blood flow and decreases pain while Graston uses scraping for improving range of motion.

Weightlifting Shoes Impact on Squatting

They reduce trunk lean and minimize shear stress, allowing for deeper squats.

Building a Program for Golfers

Focus on efficient force transfer and core-leg-upper body exercises to improve swing distance.

Dry Needling Definition

Targets myofascial trigger points to decrease muscle tightness and improve blood flow.

Osteoporosis Characteristics

It is a 'silent disease' that leads to brittle bones and increased fracture risk.

Shod vs Unshod Running

Shod running often involves heel striking while unshod running typically engages forefoot striking.

Parkinsonism Symptoms

Includes bradykinesia, tremors, and postural instability due to dopamine neuron degeneration.

Parkinsonism Treatment Options

Medications like Levodopa and therapies to manage symptoms and improve function.