Studied by 347 people
Road to Independence
The Great Awakening
a widespread Christian movement in the 1730s and 1740s involving strong sermons and revivals that emphasized faith in God
mercantilism
practice of creating and maintaining wealth for the mother country by carefully controlling trade with its colonies
Navigation Acts
laws requiring all colonial trade to be taxed and pass through England before entering the colonies
Duties
taxes on imports or exports
Import
trade goods coming into a country
Export
trade goods leaving a country for another country
Free enterprise
economic competition with little government control.
salutary neglect
British practice of not policing/ controlling its colonial holdings, essentially leaving the colonies to govern themselves
Militia
adult, male citizens enrolled in military service and called out for periodic drills, but serving full time only in emergencies in their colony
Albany Plan of Union
a failed protection plan for the American colonies during the French and Indian War proposed by Ben Franklin
Guerilla warfare
fighting in which soldiers/ fighters use swift hit and run tactics, ambushes, and fighting from cover against an enemy.
Casualties
soldiers killed, wounded or missing in battle.
Treaty of Paris (1763)
treaty ending the French and Indian War, France lost nearly all claims in N. America and the British took control of Canada + east of the Mississippi River
Pontiac's Rebellion
Native Americans continued to fight the British and colonists in the Ohio Valley and the Great Lakes after the French and Indian War officially ended.
Proclamation of 1763
law issued by King George III of England stating that colonists could not move west of the Appalachian Mtns and any settlers living west of that line must move east of the line or be forced out
1st Continental Congress
(1774) meeting of 56 delegates in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, delegates wrote 10 resolutions to send to the King of England
Boston Tea Party
(1773) event where colonists, disguised as Native Americans, dumped 342 tea chests into Boston Harbor
boycott
refuse to buy certain goods
smuggle
to import or export without paying taxes on the item
Declaratory Act
(1766) act of Parliament repealing the Stamp Act, but asserted Parliament's authority to pass laws that were binding on the American Colonies "in all cases whatsoever"
Committees of Correspondence
created in the 1760's in Massachusetts to help towns and colonies share information about resisting the new British laws
Intolerable Acts
(1774) law passed by Parliament to punish the colonists for the Boston Tea Party and tightened government control of the Boston and Massachusetts, contained (4) parts
Lexington and Concord
first of two conflicts of the American Revolution, outside of Boston on April 19, 1775, known as the "Shot Heard Round the World"
Minutemen
colonial militia members who were ready to fight at a "minute's" notice
Parliament
British law making body
repeal
to end an act or law
Sons + Daughters of Liberty
secret organization of men and women protesting British tax laws, formed by Samuel Adams
Stamp Act
(1765) tax on all printed materials: newspapers, legal documents, playing cards
Sugar Act
(1764) act passed in order to raise revenue for England, taxed sugar and molasses
Tea Act
Parliament gave the British East India Company a monopoly on the tea business, this actually lowered the tax on tea but the colonists could only buy East Indian Tea
Townshend Act
(1767) indirect tax on glass, lead, paper, paint, and tea
writs of Assistance
blanket search warrants to search for smuggled goods
natural rights
rights that all people possess that cannot be taken away or given, among these are life, liberty, and property
George Whitefield
Christian preacher whose tour of the English colonies attracted big crowds and sparked the First Great Awakening.
Jonathan Edwards
Preacher and theologian during the First Great Awakening; most famous sermon "Sinners in the Hands of Angry God"
