AP World History Vocabulary Flashcards

Flashcards for AP World History Review

Confucianism

A belief system, not a religion, focused on philosophies like filial piety.

Foot Binding

A practice where women bind their feet to make them more appealing, common in wealthier families.

Civil Service Exams

Exams used by the Song Dynasty to maintain a bureaucracy and manage its government.

Dar Al Islam

Home of Islam.

Sunni and Shia Muslims

The two main sects of Islam

Feudalism

System in Europe up to Era III; the major religion was Chrisitianity

Bubonic Plague

An outbreak that killed 30-50% of Europe.

The Crusades

Showed the power of the Catholic Church, even though Europe was unsuccessful in retaking Jerusalem.

The Mongols

Were able to rapidly take over large amounts of land thanks to their cavalry tactics. They also piggybacked off of local leaders to govern lands.

The Silk Road

Allowed for goods to be transported from Europe to China. This allowed for China to maintain its status as the most economically powerful.

Indian Ocean Trade

A great use of the environment. The Indian Ocean had monsoon winds that allowed for safer travel, thus benefitting South and Southeast Asia, as well as East Africa.

Trans Saharan Trade Routes

Trade routes in Africa where caravans of camels were used to effectively transport goods in large amounts.

Mansa Musa

Ruled the Mali Empire. Famous for his pilgrimage to Mecca which led to him leading a long caravan from West Africa to the Middle East.

Quipus

Strings made in a way to record events.

Chinampas

Man-made islands designed for agriculture.

Mita System

System used in the Inca Empire to improve labor outputs

Neo-Confucianism

Combined Buddhism and Confucianism and was prevalent in China.

Columbian Exchange

The exchange of diseases, animals, and crops between the Old World and New World

Mercantilism

Buying as little as possible while selling as much as possible.

Castas system

Social hierarchy in the Americas where Europeans were on top

Ottoman Empire

Empire where Christians were converted to Islam and made into Janissaries or bureaucrats

Janissaries

Elite soldiers in the Ottoman Empire trained by the devshirme program.

Protestant Reformation

Started by Martin Luther, this disagreement with the Catholic Church spread rapidly due to the printing press

Capitalism

The financial system where you should buy and sell from who you choose.

Karl Marx

Advocates for the need for socialism to put everyone on an equal footing and to eliminate the wealth gap altogether.

China

Attempted to resist European influence by being restrictive with trade.

Japan

Attempted to resist European influence by trading only with the Dutch and outlawing Christianity.

Enlightenment

Led to new ideas such as rights from birth, democracy, and personal freedoms.

Capitalism

A financial system invented by Adam Smith which replaced Mercantilism.

Industrial Revolution

New technologies such as the steam engine, telegraphs, mass transit, immunization, and manufacturing machinery were invented

USA

This country was able to rapidly industrialize and catch up with Europe.

Japan

This country rapidly industrialized, westernized, and adopted western practices successfully keeping up with Europe and the USA

The British Raj

British controlled India.

Berlin Conference

Where European nations agreed how colonizing Africa would work as if it were a game of risk.

Social Darwinism

Saying that white people were scientifically better than other races.

Suffrage

Movement to give women the right to vote.

telegraphs

Improved communication and later were improved upon via the telephone.

Railroads and steamships

Allowed mass transportation of people and goods across large distances.

Nationalism

Was also a big factor as nations wanted to prove they were better than other nations.

M.A.I.N.

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism

Total War

The homefront and battlefront being blurred as all focus was on the war effort.

The Russian Revolution

Overthrew a Monarchy and later overthrew a failed democracy to make a Communist dictatorship led by Vladimir Lenin.

Blitzkrieg

A new tactic used during WW2 in which Germany easily invaded and took over France.

9/11

Important terrorist attack in the U.S. Led to the War on Terror, wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, mass surveillance, and Islamophobia.

Perestroika

Economic reforms by Mikhail Gorbachev to save the Soviet economy.

Glasnost

Political and Social reforms by Gorbachev to give Citizens more freedom.