American Revolution to War of 1812

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms, acts, treaties, and events from the American Revolution through the War of 1812.

Treaty of Paris (1763)

Ended the French and Indian War; Britain gained Canada and land east of the Mississippi.

Proclamation of 1763

Forbade colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains.

Stamp Act (1765)

Stamps on printed materials; first direct tax on colonists.

Colonial response to Stamp Act

Boycotts, protests; no taxation without representation.

Intolerable Acts

Punishments for Boston Tea Party; closed Boston Harbor, new Quartering Act.

First Continental Congress (1774)

Declaration of Rights and Grievances; boycott British goods.

Olive Branch Petition

Last attempt at peace with Britain (1775); rejected by King George III.

Common Sense

Pamphlet written by Thomas Paine advocating independence.

Declaration of Independence

Declared U.S. independence and listed grievances against Britain.

Battle of Saratoga

A turning point; led to French alliance with the U.S.

Treaty of Paris (1783)

Recognized U.S. independence; Mississippi River as western border.

Articles of Confederation's biggest weakness

No power to tax or regulate trade.

Shays’s Rebellion

Farmers protesting taxes; exposed weaknesses of the Articles.

Great Compromise

House of Representatives by population, Senate with equal representation.

Three-Fifths Compromise

Counted three-fifths of enslaved people for representation and taxes.

Popular sovereignty

Principle that the people rule; sovereignty rests with the people.

Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists

Federalists supported the Constitution; Anti-Federalists demanded a Bill of Rights.

Bill of Rights

First 10 amendments protecting individual rights.

Hamilton’s financial plan

National Bank, paying off war debt, tariffs, whiskey tax.

Whiskey Rebellion

Farmers protested the whiskey tax; Washington sent troops to enforce the law.

Pinckney's Treaty

Gave U.S. use of the Mississippi River and access to New Orleans.

Jay's Treaty

Improved trade with Britain; unpopular with many Americans.

XYZ Affair

French officials demanded bribes; led to quasi-war with France.

Alien and Sedition Acts

Laws restricting immigration and limiting free speech; unpopular and hurt Adams.

Election of 1800

Thomas Jefferson won; first peaceful transfer of power.

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

Established judicial review; the Supreme Court can strike down unconstitutional laws.

Louisiana Purchase

1803 purchase from France that doubled U.S. size; cost $15 million.

Lewis & Clark Expedition

Exploration of the Louisiana Territory; helped establish U.S. claim to Oregon.

Causes of the War of 1812

British impressment, trade restrictions, and support for Native Americans.

Treaty of Ghent (1815)

Ended the War of 1812; restored pre-war conditions.

Battle of New Orleans (1815)

Made Andrew Jackson a national hero.