Prokaryotic Cells Overview

Flashcards covering key concepts, structures, and functions related to prokaryotic cells.

What are prokaryotic cells characterized by?

Prokaryotic cells are characterized by the absence of a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

What is the function of the cell membrane in prokaryotic cells?

The cell membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

What is the role of ribosomes in prokaryotic cells?

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.

What structure protects and gives shape to prokaryotic cells?

The cell wall provides protection and shape to prokaryotic cells.

What is a pilus?

A pilus is a hair-like structure that helps in attachment and conjugation between bacteria.

What is the function of the capsule in some prokaryotic cells?

The capsule provides additional protection and helps in adhering to surfaces.

What is a nucleoid?

The nucleoid is the region in a prokaryotic cell where the circular DNA is located.

What are plasmids?

Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that can carry genes, often providing advantages such as antibiotic resistance.

What is the mesosome?

Mesosomes are infoldings of the plasma membrane that are thought to be involved in cellular respiration and division.

What is a flagellum?

A flagellum is a long, whip-like structure that aids in cell motility.

What are thylakoids?

Thylakoids are membrane-bound compartments involved in photosynthesis in cyanobacteria.

What is hyaloplasm?

Hyaloplasm is the fluid component of the cytoplasm.

What are cyanophytes?

Cyanophytes, also known as cyanobacteria, are a group of photosynthetic prokaryotes.