Invasive Species and Their Impact

These flashcards cover key concepts and examples related to invasive species discussed in the lecture, focusing on their definitions, impacts, and examples.

What is an invasive species?

An invasive species is a plant, animal, or any living thing that is native to one part of the world but introduced to another part by humans, which can have negative impacts on the new ecosystem.

What are some examples of invasive species mentioned in the lecture?

Privet, lionfish, feral hogs, water hyacinth, nutria, Chinese tallow tree, giant salvinia, and raspberry crazy ant.

Why are invasive species considered a major threat to biodiversity?

Invasive species are the second biggest threat to biodiversity globally because they can outcompete native species, lead to declines in native populations, and alter the ecosystems.

How do invasive species impact native ecosystems?

Invasive species can eat native species (predation), outcompete them for resources (competition), and cause physical changes to the environment that affect the habitats of native species.

What human activities contribute to the spread of invasive species?

Human activities such as global transportation, release of domesticated plants and animals into the wild, and unintentional transport via ballast water all contribute to the spread of invasive species.

What is the economic impact of invasive species?

Invasive species can cause significant economic costs due to damage to property, agriculture, and the need for control measures, leading to expenditures totaling millions or billions of dollars.

What is a notable characteristic of the lionfish as an invasive species?

The lionfish is a voracious predator that can negatively impact native fish populations where it has been introduced.

How does the introduction of invasive species affect species richness?

The introduction of an invasive species can temporarily increase alpha diversity (the number of species at a particular site), but it may lead to declines in native species and homogenization of ecosystems.

What is a significant ecological effect of the water hyacinth?

Water hyacinth grows in dense mats that shade underlying water, reducing light penetration, which decreases photosynthesis and productivity in aquatic ecosystems.

What two categories can invasive species be divided into based on introduction methods?

Invasive species can be categorized into intentionally introduced species and unintentionally introduced species.