Abdominal/General Ultrasound Registry Review Notes

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These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to abdominal ultrasound and pathology, beneficial for exam preparation.

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91 Terms

1
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Aorta

The main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

2
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Celiac artery

The first branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies the liver, stomach, and spleen.

3
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Hepatic veins

Veins that drain blood from the liver into the inferior vena cava.

4
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Portal vein

A blood vessel that carries blood from the digestive organs to the liver.

5
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Gallbladder

A small organ that stores bile produced by the liver.

6
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Pancreas

An organ with both endocrine and exocrine functions, involved in digestion and insulin production.

7
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Splenic vein

The vein that drains blood from the spleen to the portal vein.

8
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Renal artery

The artery that supplies blood to the kidneys.

9
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Hydronephrosis

Swelling of a kidney due to a build-up of urine.

10
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Cholecystitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder.

11
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Cirrhosis

Late-stage liver disease characterized by scarring of the liver.

12
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Ascites

The accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity.

13
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Ultrasound

An imaging technique using high-frequency sound waves to create images of the inside of the body.

14
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Echo enhancement

A phenomenon in ultrasound indicating low attenuation of echoes behind a fluid-filled structure.

15
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Portal hypertension

Increased blood pressure in the portal venous system.

16
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Sphincter of Oddi

A muscle that controls the flow of bile and pancreatic juice from the common bile duct into the small intestine.

17
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Acute pancreatitis

An inflammation of the pancreas, often due to gallstones or alcohol.

18
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Tumefactive sludge

Thicker sludge forming within the gallbladder, acting as a mass.

19
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Testicular torsion

Twisting of the spermatic cord that cuts off the blood supply to the testicle.

20
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Epididymitis

Inflammation of the epididymis, often due to infection.

21
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Nephron

The functional unit of the kidney.

22
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Doppler ultrasound

An ultrasound technique that measures the speed and direction of blood flow.

23
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KIdney stones

Solid mineral and salt deposits that form in the kidneys.

24
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Hydrocele

Accumulation of fluid around the testicle.

25
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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

Enlargement of the prostate gland, causing urinary difficulties.

26
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Papillary carcinoma

The most common type of thyroid cancer, known for its slow growth.

27
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Ultrasound-guided biopsy

A procedure where ultrasound is used to help guide the needle during a biopsy.

28
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Transrectal ultrasound

An imaging technique used primarily for examining the prostate.

29
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Edema

Swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in the body's tissues.

30
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Liver

A vital organ that processes nutrients, detoxifies harmful substances, and produces bile.

31
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Abscess

A localized collection of pus in an area of tissue.

32
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Lymphadenopathy

Enlarged lymph nodes, which can indicate infection or disease.

33
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Microcalcifications

Small calcium deposits in breast tissue that may indicate cancer.

34
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Adenoma

A benign tumor formed from glandular tissue.

35
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Varicocele

Enlargement of veins within the scrotum, often causing male infertility.

36
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Renal failure

A condition where the kidneys lose the ability to remove waste and balance fluids.

37
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Biloma

A collection of bile outside of the biliary system, usually due to injury or obstruction.

38
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Fistula

An abnormal connection between two hollow spaces, such as blood vessels or intestines.

39
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Intussusception

A medical condition in which part of the intestine folds into the section next to it.

40
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Hematoma

A localized collection of blood outside of blood vessels.

41
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Splanchnic circulation

The circulation of blood to the abdominal organs.

42
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Esophageal varices

Dilated veins in the esophagus, often associated with liver disease.

43
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Pulmonary edema

Fluid accumulation in the lungs, often due to heart failure.

44
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Aorta

The main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

45
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Celiac artery

The first branch of the abdominal aorta that supplies the liver, stomach, and spleen.

46
New cards

Hepatic veins

Veins that drain blood from the liver into the inferior vena cava.

47
New cards

Portal vein

A blood vessel that carries blood from the digestive organs to the liver.

48
New cards

Gallbladder

A small organ that stores bile produced by the liver.

49
New cards

Pancreas

An organ with both endocrine and exocrine functions, involved in digestion and insulin production.

50
New cards

Splenic vein

The vein that drains blood from the spleen to the portal vein.

51
New cards

Renal artery

The artery that supplies blood to the kidneys.

52
New cards

Hydronephrosis

Swelling of a kidney due to a build-up of urine.

53
New cards

Cholecystitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder.

54
New cards

Cirrhosis

Late-stage liver disease characterized by scarring of the liver.

55
New cards

Ascites

The accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity.

56
New cards

Ultrasound

An imaging technique using high-frequency sound waves to create images of the inside of the body.

57
New cards

Echo enhancement

A phenomenon in ultrasound indicating low attenuation of echoes behind a fluid-filled structure.

58
New cards

Portal hypertension

Increased blood pressure in the portal venous system.

59
New cards

Sphincter of Oddi

A muscle that controls the flow of bile and pancreatic juice from the common bile duct into the small intestine.

60
New cards

Acute pancreatitis

An inflammation of the pancreas, often due to gallstones or alcohol.

61
New cards

Tumefactive sludge

Thicker sludge forming within the gallbladder, acting as a mass.

62
New cards

Testicular torsion

Twisting of the spermatic cord that cuts off the blood supply to the testicle.

63
New cards

Epididymitis

Inflammation of the epididymis, often due to infection.

64
New cards

Nephron

The functional unit of the kidney.

65
New cards

Doppler ultrasound

An ultrasound technique that measures the speed and direction of blood flow.

66
New cards

KIdney stones

Solid mineral and salt deposits that form in the kidneys.

67
New cards

Hydrocele

Accumulation of fluid around the testicle.

68
New cards

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

Enlargement of the prostate gland, causing urinary difficulties.

69
New cards

Papillary carcinoma

The most common type of thyroid cancer, known for its slow growth.

70
New cards

Ultrasound-guided biopsy

A procedure where ultrasound is used to help guide the needle during a biopsy.

71
New cards

Transrectal ultrasound

An imaging technique used primarily for examining the prostate.

72
New cards

Edema

Swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in the body's tissues.

73
New cards

Liver

A vital organ that processes nutrients, detoxifies harmful substances, and produces bile.

74
New cards

Abscess

A localized collection of pus in an area of tissue.

75
New cards

Lymphadenopathy

Enlarged lymph nodes, which can indicate infection or disease.

76
New cards

Microcalcifications

Small calcium deposits in breast tissue that may indicate cancer.

77
New cards

Adenoma

A benign tumor formed from glandular tissue.

78
New cards

Varicocele

Enlargement of veins within the scrotum, often causing male infertility.

79
New cards

Renal failure

A condition where the kidneys lose the ability to remove waste and balance fluids.

80
New cards

Biloma

A collection of bile outside of the biliary system, usually due to injury or obstruction.

81
New cards

Fistula

An abnormal connection between two hollow spaces, such as blood vessels or intestines.

82
New cards

Intussusception

A medical condition in which part of the intestine folds into the section next to it.

83
New cards

Hematoma

A localized collection of blood outside of blood vessels.

84
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Splanchnic circulation

The circulation of blood to the abdominal organs.

85
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Esophageal varices

Dilated veins in the esophagus, often associated with liver disease.

86
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Pulmonary edema

Fluid accumulation in the lungs, often due to heart failure.

87
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Glomerulus

A cluster of capillaries at the beginning of the nephron that filters blood.

88
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Bowman's capsule

A cup-like sac at the beginning of the tubular component of a nephron that surrounds the glomerulus and collects filtrate.

89
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Hepatomegaly

Enlargement of the liver.

90
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Cholelithiasis

The formation of gallstones in the gallbladder.

91
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Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA)

An artery that branches from the abdominal aorta and supplies blood to the intestines.