Science review

What is Diffusion

The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Artieries

Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.

Veins

Blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

Capillaries

Small blood vessels that connect arteries and veins, facilitating the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues.

Hormones

Chemical messengers released into the bloodstream that regulate various physiological processes in the body.

Active transport

The process of moving substances across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, requiring energy, typically in the form of ATP.

Alveoli

Air sacs in the lungs

xylem

It transport water

Osmosis

diffusion of water

Name two things that make gas exchange efficient

Large surface area (lots of alveoli)
Thin walls (one cell thick), giving a short diffusion distance

Which structures in the lungs are the site of gas exchange?

Alveoli

Which body system does the glucose come from?

Digestive system

Which body system does the oxygen come from?

Respiration system

What part of the cell does this reaction happen in?

Mitochondria

Villi are efficient at absorbing glucose because...

they have a large surface area and a short diffusion distance, allowing more glucose to be absorbed. Their walls are only one cell thick, giving a short diffusion distance so glucose can move quickly into the blood. They also have a good blood supply that carries glucose away, maintaining a concentration gradient. If there is a low concentration of glucose in the small intestine, active transport can also move glucose into the blood using energy.