Web Design and Development: HTML, CSS, JavaScript

What is the World Wide Web (WWW)?

An information space where documents and web resources are identified by URLs, interlinked by hypertext links, and accessible via the Internet.

What is a website?

A collection of related web pages, including multimedia content, identified with a common domain name and published on at least one web server.

What is a web application?

An application program or software stored on a remote server and delivered over the Internet through a browser interface.

What technologies are typically used to write websites?

HTML, XHTML, and DHTML.

What is the role of a web designer?

To focus on the aesthetic portion of the website, including colors, images, layout, and usability.

What do web developers do?

They take website designs and create functioning websites using programming languages.

What are the two sub-categories of web developers?

Front-end developers and back-end developers.

What is the main responsibility of a front-end developer?

To build the interface and layout that users interact with, using languages like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

What does a back-end developer do?

They control server data and requests, often requiring a database connection for dynamic data.

What is HTML?

Hypertext Markup Language, the standard markup language for creating web pages.

What is the latest version of HTML?

HTML5.

What are tags in HTML?

Elements used to mark up the start of an HTML element, usually enclosed in angle brackets.

What is an example of an HTML tag?

for a top-level heading.

What are attributes in HTML?

Additional pieces of information about an HTML element, placed within the opening tag.

What is the basic structure of an HTML document?

Content

What does the tag represent in an HTML document?

The document's header, which can contain other HTML tags like

What is the purpose of the

To specify the title of the document, which appears in the browser's title bar.

What does the tag represent?

The main content area of the HTML document, containing visible elements like headings and paragraphs.

How many levels of headings does HTML provide?

Six levels, using elements

to

.

What is the purpose of the

tag in HTML?

To structure text into paragraphs.

What is the significance of the declaration?

It defines the document type and HTML version, helping the browser understand how to render the document.

What is the function of the tag?

To embed an image in a webpage, with attributes like src for the image source and alt for alternative text.

What is the difference between front-end and back-end development?

Front-end development focuses on the user interface, while back-end development manages server-side logic and database interactions.

What are some examples of HTML editors?

Notepad, Sublime Text 3, Notepad++, Komodo Edit, and Macromedia Dreamweaver.

What does the tag do in HTML?

It indicates that the text is of strong importance, typically displayed in bold.

What is the role of CSS in web development?

To control the presentation and layout of web pages, including styles for fonts, colors, and spacing.

What is JavaScript used for in web development?

To add interactivity and dynamic behavior to web pages.

What does the
tag do in HTML?

The
tag creates a line break, starting the following content on a new line.

What is the function of the

---

tag?

The

---

tag creates a horizontal line to visually separate sections of a document.

What is a non-breaking space in HTML?

A non-breaking space is represented by   and prevents the browser from breaking text at that point.

How do you specify font color in HTML?

Font color can be specified using the tag with the color attribute, e.g., .

What does the tag do?

The tag sets the default font face, size, and color for the text in the document.

What are the three types of lists in HTML?

The three types of lists are unordered lists (bullets), ordered lists (numbered), and definition lists (name/value pairs).

How do you create an unordered list in HTML?

An unordered list is created using the

tag, with each list item marked by
• .

What is the purpose of the

tag?

The

tag is used to create an ordered list, where items are numbered.

What attributes can be used with the

tag?

The

tag can use the type attribute to specify numbering style and the start attribute to set the starting number.

What tags are used in a definition list?

A definition list uses

to start the list,

for terms, and

for definitions.

What is a hyperlink in HTML?

A hyperlink is a link that allows users to navigate to other pages or sections, created using the tag.

What is the purpose of the target attribute in a hyperlink?

The target attribute specifies how the linked document should be opened, such as in a new window or the same frame.

How do you insert an image in HTML?

An image is inserted using the tag, which is an empty element that contains attributes for the image source.

What is the significance of the tag in HTML?

The tag is used to specify the font face, size, and color of text.

What does the tag do?

The tag is used to bold text.

What is the function of the tag?

The tag is used to italicize text.

How do you create a strikethrough effect in HTML?

A strikethrough effect is created using the tag.

What does the tag do?

The tag makes text one size larger than the surrounding text.

What does the tag do?

The tag makes text one size smaller than the surrounding text.

What is the purpose of the ^{and _tags?}

^{is used for superscript text, while _{is used for subscript text.}}

What is the basic syntax of the tag?

What are the two mandatory attributes of the tag?

src and alt attributes.

What does the src attribute in the tag specify?

The URL of the image file.

What is the purpose of the alt attribute in the tag?

It provides alternative text for the image if it cannot be displayed.

What attributes are used to specify the dimensions of an image in HTML?

width and height attributes.

What is the purpose of the element in HTML?

To arrange data into rows and columns.

What elements are used to create rows and columns in an HTML table?

for rows and for columns.

What does the element do in an HTML table?

Defines a cell as a header for a group of table cells.

How can you specify a border for an HTML table?

Using the border property.

What is the function of the rowspan and colspan attributes in a table?

They allow a cell to span multiple rows or columns.

What does the cellpadding property specify in an HTML table?

The space between the cell content and its borders.

What is the purpose of the cellspacing property in an HTML table?

Specifies the space between the cells.

How do you add a caption to an HTML table?

Using the element directly after the opening tag.

What is the syntax for creating an HTML form?

form elements

What are the two most commonly used methods for uploading data in HTML forms?

GET and POST methods.

What is the purpose of the action attribute in an HTML form?

Specifies the backend script that processes the submitted data.

What types of controls can be used in HTML forms?

Text input, checkboxes, radio buttons, select boxes, file select boxes, hidden controls, clickable buttons, submit and reset buttons.

What is a single-line text input control in HTML?

A control for items requiring one line of user input, created using the tag.

What is the function of the type attribute in the tag?

Indicates the type of input control.

How is a password input control different from a single-line text input control?

It masks the characters entered by the user.

What is a multi-line text input control in HTML?

Used for longer user inputs, created using the tag.

What attributes can be used with the tag?

name, rows, and cols.

What is the purpose of checkboxes in HTML forms?

Used when multiple options can be selected.

What is the purpose of radio buttons in HTML forms?

Used when only one option can be selected from multiple choices.

What attribute is used to set a checkbox as selected by default?

checked attribute.

What is a radio box control in HTML?

A radio box control allows users to select one option from a set of predefined options.

What is a select box in HTML?

A select box, also known as a drop-down box, provides a list of options from which a user can select one or more.

What attribute is used to give a name to a select box control?

The 'name' attribute.

What does the 'multiple' attribute do in a select box?

It allows users to select multiple items from the menu.

What is the purpose of the 'value' attribute in an option tag?

It specifies the value that will be used if that option is selected.

What is a file upload box in HTML?

A file upload box allows users to upload files to a website, created using the element with type set to 'file'.

What attribute specifies the types of files accepted by a file upload box?

The 'accept' attribute.

What is the function of a submit button in HTML forms?

It automatically submits the form when clicked.

What does a reset button do in an HTML form?

It resets all form controls to their initial values.

What is the purpose of hidden form controls?

They are used to hide data within the page that can be sent to the server without being visible to the user.

What does CSS stand for?

Cascading Style Sheets.

What is the primary purpose of CSS in web design?

To control the presentation and layout of a webpage, separating it from the content.

What are the two main parts of a CSS rule?

The selector and the declaration.

What does the 'body { background-color: black; }' rule do?

It sets the background color of the webpage to black.

How do you specify multiple properties in a CSS declaration?

Separate each property with a semicolon.

What is the effect of the CSS rule 'h1, h2, h3 { color: yellow; }'?

It changes the text color of headers h1, h2, and h3 to yellow.

What is the purpose of the 'font-family' property in CSS?

It specifies the font type for text within an element.

What does the 'text-align' property control in CSS?

It controls the horizontal alignment of text within an element.

What does the 'text-decoration' property do?

It specifies the decoration added to text, such as underline or line-through.

What are the three ways to attach CSS styles to an HTML document?

Inline styles, embedded styles in the head, and linking to an external style sheet.

What is the significance of the 'accept' attribute in a file upload input?

It restricts the types of files that can be uploaded by specifying accepted file types.

What does the 'selected' attribute do in an option tag?

It specifies that the option should be the initially selected value when the page loads.

What is the role of the 'label' attribute in an option tag?

It provides an alternative way to label options in a select box.

What does the 'font-weight' property control in CSS?

It specifies the thickness of the font, such as normal or bold.

What is the purpose of the 'padding' property in CSS?

It adds space inside an element, between the element's content and its border.

What is the purpose of a style sheet in web design?

To define the visual presentation of a web page.

How can inline CSS styles be applied?

By specifying style rules directly within an HTML tag using the style attribute.

What is an example of inline CSS?

This is a styled paragraph.