Chpt. 4 Practice Test Questions-IE | Quizlet

How do the first and second MC on a lateral thumb appear?

1st MC slightly superimposed by the 2nd MC.

How does the concavity appear on an PA finger?

Midshaft concavity is equal on both sides.

How do the first and second MC on a lateral thumb appear?

1st MC slightly superimposed by the 2nd MC.

How does the concavity appear on an PA finger?

Midshaft concavity is equal on both sides.

How does the concavity appear on an oblique finger?

more concavity seen on one aspect of the phalangeal midshafts than the others

How does the concavity and convexity appear on a lateral finger?

Anteriorly the middle and proximal phalanges show midshaft concavity.

The posterior surface shows slight convexity.

When viewing the 2nd or 3rd finger what lateral view is used?

Lateral surface on the IR using internal rotation

(Radius, scaphoid, and trapezium closer to IR).

When viewing the 4th or 5th finger what lateral view is used?

Medial surface on the IR using external rotation

(Ulna, pisiform, and hamate closer to IR).

Positioning of finger

-IP & MCP open (PA & Obl)

-IP joint open (lat)

-PIP center (3 views)

-Finger and half of MC included

-Phalanges w/o foreshortening (3 views)

How does a PA hand appear with flexed fingers?

-Foreshortened phalanges,

-thumb in a lateral position,

-closed IP joints (not aligned properly)

-foreshortened MCs.

Collimation of hand

-collimate to 0.5in of 1st & 5th digits skin line (transversely)

-include distal phalanges & 1in of distal forearm (longitudinal)

What wrist articulation is open on a PA view?

Radioulnar articulation

What wrist projection shows the scaphotrapezium and scaphotrapezoidal joints open?

PA axial projection scaphoid

(15* proximal (toward the elbow) angle.)

How do the carpal bones appear with radial deviation?

-Distal scaphoid tilts anteriorly with increased foreshortening and the lunate shift medially towards the ulna.

-3rd MC points toward medial side

-lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, hamate

How do the carpal bones appear with ulnar deviation?

Distal scaphoid tilts posteriorly with decreased foreshortening and the lunate shifts laterally towards the radius.

-3rd MC points toward lateral side

-scaphoid

What does the tangential/infersuperior carpal wrist projection demonstrate?

-The carpal canal for signs of carpal canal syndrome

-fxs of the pisiform or hamulus of the hamate (pisiform seen w/o superimposition of hamulus of hamate)

-carpals demonstrated with slight elongation

Bones of the wrist

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

How does an AP forearm compare to a PA forearm?

If the wrist/hand is not in an AP position then the radial styloid will not be in profile and the distal radius, ulna, and MC bases will be superimposed.

Internal rotation of forearm

External rotation of forearm

Internal- laterally 1st & 2nd MC bases & carpal bones superimposed & pisiform/hamate better seen

-External- medially located 4th & 5th MC bases & carpal bones superimposed

Lateral forearm positioning

-abduct humerus & flex elbow 90* & rest ulnar side of forearm against IR with wrist placed at anode end

-humerus parallel with IR

Lateral forearm evaluation

-anterior aspect of distal scaphoid and pisiform aligned

-distal radius and ulna superimposed

-Radial tuberosity not in profile

-Ulnar styloid profile posteriorly

-Anterior aspect of radial head and coronoid process aligned

CR for elbow projections

mid-elbow

0.75 distal to medial epicondyle

What is best visualized with an internal oblique elbow?

Coronoid process, trochlear notch, and medial trochlea are in profile and 3/4 of the radial head superimposes the ulna.

-trochlea-coronoid process joint open

-coronoid process articulating surface not seen

What is best visualized with an external oblique elbow?

Capitulum and radial head are in profile

-ulna seen without superimposition of radial head, neck, tuberosity

-capitulum-radial head joint space open

-radial head articulating surface not seen

What is best demonstrated on an axiolateral/ Coyle method.

Capitulum and radial head fxs. .

Coyle method

-angle 45* proximally (toward body) CR to mid-elbow

-capitulum proximal to medial trochlea, no superimposition

What will an internally obliqued elbow look like? Externally obliqued?

Nearly complete superimposition of the radius and ulna.

Almost no superimposition of the radius and ulna. (Can be used to determine type of humerus oblique as well)

Anatomy labeling included on this test.

Trochlear sulcus, trapezium, ulnar styloid, G, tubercle, olecranon process, radius, and hamate.