Sports med 2 #2: Medical and Anatomical Term

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59 Terms

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anatomical position

When a human body is in an upright (standing) position, palms facing forward

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anatomical plane

Divisions of the body for dissections and movement patterns

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saggital plane

left and right sides

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Coronal/Frontal Plane
Front and back
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Transverse Plane
top and bottom
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Superior(cranial)
above/top/up
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Inferior (caudal)
below/bottom/down
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Anterior (ventral)
front
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Posterior (dorsal)
back
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Medial
inner/close to midline
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Lateral
outer/away from midline
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Proximal
close to the center of the body
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Distal
down/below
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Superficial
close to the surface
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Deep
deep to the surface
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External
outer
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Internal
inner
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Central
close to the center
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Peripheral
away from the center/out to the side
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Parietal
outer
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Visceral
inner
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Origin
where a muscle starts at a joint
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Insertion
where a muscle ends
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Flexion
to bend or decrease the angle at a joint
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Extension
to straighten or increase an angle at a joint
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Abduction
to take away from the midline or body
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Adduction
to bring back to or add back to the midline or center of the body
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Internal rotation
when a bone in the joint rolls or rotates forward in its socket
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External rotation
when a bone in the joint rolls or rotates back in its socket
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Circumduction
full circle or 360 degrees of motion
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Eversion
bottom of foot goes out laterally
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Inversion
bottom of foot goes in medially
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Supination
palms are up
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Pronation
palms are down
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Protraction
separate shoulder blades
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Retraction
pinch shoulder blades together
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Plantarflexion
to point toes to floor or stand on tip toes like a ballerina
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Dorsiflexion
stand or balance on heels, toes up off the ground
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Action

what movement a muscle does

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Tubercle
(small, raised, rounded)
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Trochanter
(large, blunt, rounded)
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Tuberosity
(large, rounded)
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Malleolus
(hammerhead
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Crest
(large, linear)
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Spine
(sharp)
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Fossa

(circumscribed-large or small)

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sulcus

trough like

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Cartilage
protects bones from grinding together in a joint; shock absorbers
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Ligament
connects bone to bone
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Muscle
tissue that when stimulated contracts and produces movement
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Joint capsule
saclike structure that encloses the end of bones
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Bursa
a small sac between a muscle and a bone; provides lubrication
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Nerve
helps with feeling and movement
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Tendon
tissue that connects muscle to bone