P.E Prelim

Article 1 of the International Charter of Physical Education and Sports (UNESCO, 1978)

The practice of Physical Education and Sports is a fundamental right for all.

Article 1 of the International Charter of Physical Education and Sports (UNESCO, 1978)

– This right is not different in principle from the right to adequate food, shelter, and medical care.

Article IV, Section 19, 1986 Philippine Constitution

The State shall promote Physical Education and sports programs to foster self discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy citizenry.

Article IV, Section 19, 1986 Philippine Constitution

All educational institutions must hold regular sports activities throughout the country in cooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors.

Physical Education

Planned, sequential instruction that promotes lifelong physical activity.

Physical Education

Designed to develop basic movement skills, sports skills, and physical fitness.

Physical Education

Aims to enhance mental, social, and emotional abilities.

1820 schools

Focused on gymnastics, hygiene training, and body development.

1851 YMCA

First chapter launched, promoted physical activities.

1851 YMCA

Encouraged intramural sports like track & field and football.

1950 Physical Education

Over 400 institutes offered majors in PE.

1950 Physical Education

Programs included calisthenics, team sports, swimming, and health education.

1950 Physical Education

Focused on improving fitness, character, teamwork, and moral values.

1970 Federal Education Act

Allowed women in high school and college to compete in athletics.

1970 Federal Education Act

Outlawed sex-based discrimination in government

Movement Competency

Developing movement skills, concepts, and strategies to participate in physical activities and reduce injury risk.

Movement Competency

Includes manipulation skills (sending and receiving objects) and stability skills (maintaining balance).

Movement Competency

Having the skills, control, and confidence to move your body in different ways to participate safely and effectively in activities.

Health (WHO)

A state of complete physical, mental, and social well being, not merely the absence of disease.

WHO

World Health Organization

Health

Maintenance of equilibrium (balance) or homeostasis as the body adjusts to stresses.

Physical health

body is strong and works properly.

Mental health

able to think clearly and manage emotions.

Social health

having good relationships and connections with others.

Physical Fitness

Ability of body systems to work together efficiently.

Physical Fitness

Enables you to stay healthy and perform daily activities with minimal effort.

Exercise

A planned program of physical activities designed to improve physical fitness.

Physical Activity

Any bodily movement that requires energy expenditure.

Exercise vs. Physical Activity

Both improve well being, but the protection from being fit is greater than just being physically active.

Wellness

An active process of becoming aware of and making choices toward a healthy and fulfilling life.

Physical Wellness

staying active, eating well, resting enough.

Mental/Emotional Wellness

managing stress, staying positive, building resilience.

Social Wellness

building supportive relationships.

Spiritual Wellness

finding meaning and purpose.

Environmental Wellness

living in a safe and healthy environment.

Physical Development

Development of gross and fine motor skills, muscle control, and coordination.

Physical Development

Involves puberty changes and growth of physical abilities.

Mental Development

Boosts brainpower and cognitive ability by increasing blood flow to the brain.

Mental Development

Improves academic learning; fit students perform better in school.

Mental Development

Elevates mood and reduces anxiety through endorphin release.

Mental Development

Improves social skills by meeting new people and creating friendships.

Mental Development

Enhances creativity by stimulating brain activity.

Mental Development

Helps maintain mental health and emotional well being.

Social Development

Process of learning to interact with others and understand individuality in the community.

Social Development

Involves developing communication skills, friendships, and conflict resolution.

Emotional Development

Ability to recognize, express, and manage feelings.

Emotional Development

Includes both positive and negative emotions influenced by family and peers.

Health related fitness components

Body composition, flexibility, muscular strength, muscular endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance.

Body Composition

Ratio of lean body mass (muscles, organs, bones) to fat.

Body Composition

Measured by Body Mass Index (BMI).

BMI

Body Mass Index

Flexibility

Maximum range of movement possible at a joint.

Flexibility

Shared by both health related and skill-related fitness components

Muscular Strength

Total force a muscle can produce in a single maximal effort.

Muscular Strength

Measured when the muscle is fully contracted.

Muscular Endurance

Ability of muscles to sustain contractions over an extended period.

Muscular Endurance

Example: muscle soreness after starting new exercise indicates adaptation need.

Cardiorespiratory Endurance

Ability of the body to deliver oxygen to muscles under strain or stress.

Cardiorespiratory Endurance

Considered the most crucial fitness component.

Skill related fitness components

Agility, balance, coordination, speed, power, reaction time.

Agility

Ability to move and change body position quickly while under control.

Balance

Ability to maintain equilibrium while moving or stationary.

Coordination

Ability to use body parts together smoothly and efficiently.

Speed

Ability to perform movements in the shortest possible time.

Power

Ability to exert maximum force quickly (strength + speed).

Reaction Time

Time taken to respond to a stimulus.