UNIT 4: MANAGING ACROSS CULTURE

glocalization

a combination of globalization and localization --> describe a product or service that is developed and distributed globally but is also adjusted to accomodate the user or consumer in a local market

culture

complex sytem of values, traits, morals and customs shared by a society

context

refers to the stimuli, environment, or ambience surrounding an event

the Lewis Model

divides humans into 3 clear categories, based on behaviour (linear-active, multi-active, and reactive)

High-context culture

a culture by which the rules of communication are primarily and dominantly transmitted through the use of contextual elements (form of body language, social/familial status, tone of voice...) --> rules are not explicitly written or stated

Low-context culture

a culture whereby most communications take place through verbal language and rules are directly written out or stated

power distance

the distribution of power among individuals within a culture and how well unequal levels of power are accepted by those with less power

individualist

someone who believe that personal growth is more important

universalist

people believe that rules apply to everyone

collectivist

believe that group is more important than individuals

particularist

believe friendship, personal relationships are more important than rules and regulations

business culture

the way that companies in general behave, business is done in a particular place

company/corporate culture

the way a particular company works and the things that its employees believe are important

long-hours culture

where people are expected to work long time each day

macho culture

values typically associated with men

sales culture

selling is seen as the most important thing in the org > other activities

learning culture

learning and innovation are seen as important

confrontation

a face-to-face disagreement or argument

improvise

to do something when necessary without having already planned it

compromise

reducing demands or changing opinions in order to agree

lose face

to be humiliated or disrespected in public