APES Unit 9.10 (Human Threats to Biodiversity)

What is HIPPCO stand for?

Habitat Fragmentation/Loss
Invasive Species
Population Growth
Pollution
Climate Change
Over Exploitation

What effect do Roads and Pipelines have on habitats?

Fragment habitats; disrupt movement & lead to fatal collisions with vehicles

What effect do Agricultural & Urban Land Use have on habitats?

Clearing forest/grassland for agricultural fields or urbanization fragments those habitats

What effect does Logging have on habitats?

Both removal of trees & construction of logging roads to transport lumber fragment forest ecosystems

What types of species are most effected by fragmentation?

Large Predators
Small PopulationsW

What are metapopulations?

A population of populations that is made up of the same species

What is a benefit of Metapopulations?

Can allow some gene flow (mating between populations) and improve genetic diversityE

Edge Habitat

Two ecosystems such as forest-grassland or ocean-river (estuaries) meet have diff. Characteristics than the middle of each ecosystem

Why can species thrive in Edge Habitats?

Diversity of food, shelter, and nutrient resources

What effect do Edge habitats have on disruptive species

Can potentially expand the range of them that thrive in grassland-forest edge

What effect does GM use and selective breeding have on crops?

Leads to less genetic diversity and makes them vulnerable to disease or environmental disruptions

How can we preserve habitats?

Urban growth boundaries, infill, and building up (not out) to reduce urban sprawl can preserve existing habitats; Expanding parks, urban gardens, green roofs; Sustainable agriculture, lowering meat consumption

How can we restore habitats?

Replanting clear-cut forests and Reestablishing prairies on old