gilded age history p2

crowded buildings

tenements

political machines

political party led by a single boss/organization that has control over a city, immigrants made them successful (ex Tammy hall)

graft

taking bribes in return for votes/support

spoils system

donating to a presidents campaign would secure someone a gov job

patronage

giving jobs to those who helped get a candidate elected

Pendleton civil service act

Guiteau killed Garfield and caused it; people had to be qualified to get a job

the reservation system + main purpose

US expanded west which pushed American Indians to live in smaller undesirable lands; primary purpose was to assimilate indians into American society.

How did homestead act affect migration

to encourage settlement; people could apply for 160 acres of land

Battle of little big horn

sioux refuse to leave their land so general custer and his men attacked

Dawes act

divide reservation lands into individual plots; govs attempt to civilize native Americans by turning them into farmers; gave 160 acres of land to people

the ghost dance

non violent movement; promoted freedom from white settlers and encouraged their culture and prevented assimilation

wounded knee massacre

marked the end of the Indian war/assimilation

push factors

economic depression, crowded conditions in east coast, expensive price of land

pull factors

freedom religion, jobs, free land

assimilation

taught native Americans English and American culture in schools in hopes to civilize them

boss tweed

ran Tammy hall political machine and hired police

Morrill land-grant act

provided public lands & funds to build public colleges focused on agriculture, engineering, and military tacticts

land speculator

someone/group that owns a underdeveloped land and holds on to it until the value increases rather than improving it themselves

exoduster

migration of african Americans from south to north america

most immigrants came into

ellis island; newyork/eastcoast

mostly Asian immigrants came through here

angel island; San francisco/west coast

nativism

belief that American citizens were above immigrants (against immigrants)

Old immigrants

british/western Europe (Angelo sazon and protestant)

what were the 2 major factories that encouraged westward migration

homestead act and transcontinential rr

technological advancement ended the era of open cattle drives

babred wire fencing

key argument in Fredrick Jackson turner’s essay about the fontier

the frontier was a source of american innovation

significance of transc railroad on native american

more mass migration westward