13 Colonies - Unit 1 Test

APUSH

colony

A piece of land that is owned by another country. A group of people from a distant land who are ruled by the government of their native land

indentured servant

Laborer who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to America

slave

a person who is the legal property of another and is forced to obey them. African slaves were used in the colonies.

Reasons for English to colonize North America?

*religious freedom

*political freedom

*expand their Empire

*economic opportunity [land, fur trading, to search for gold, freedom for debtors, indentured servants]

Name the New England Colonies:

New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut

Name the Middle Colonies:

New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, Delaware

Name the Southern Colonies:

Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Maryland and Georgia

Pilgrim

Religious group that fled England because of they wanted Religious freedom. They were persecuted because of their different religious beliefs.

Plymouth

settlement location of the Pilgrims in 1620

triangular trade

A route that exchanged goods between the west Indies, the American Colonies, and West Africa Slaves were part of this trade.

plantation

Large farms that used slave labor to grow cash crops [Southern Colonies] The plantation usually was located on a river, so goods could be transported easily it also included slave quarters, as well as buildings for specific industries such as : blacksmith, shoe maker, carpenter, etc.

How did the environment impact the economy in the New England Colonies?

-With bad rocky soil, New England settlers used other resources at their disposal to make a profit:

Forests → lumber

Oceans → fishing

Good harbors → trading centers

How did the environment impact the economy in the Middle Colonies?

-access to natural resources allows them to make a profit

• farming (wheat, oats, barley), lumber for shipbuilding, good natural harbors for trading

How did the environment impact the economy in the Southern Colonies?

-good soil for farming cash crops like tobacco, rice, indigo, and cotton

What was the environment like in the middle colonies?

Warm summers, cold winters, forests, fertile soil and moderate growing season

What was the environment like in the southern colonies?

Warm summers, very mild winters, very fertile soil, long growing season

These are the 3 major jobs in the New England Region

Fishing, Whaling Shipbuilding

This was the climate in the New England

Short Summers, Long Snowy Winters

This is what the soil in New England is like

Rocky

This is the 1st Constitution in the Colonies

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

This was the founder of Connecticut who founded Connecticut for Religious Freedom

Thomas Hooker

This was the founder of Rhode Island who founded Rhode Island for Religious Freedom

Roger Williams

This woman questioned the Puritan Church and was kicked out of Massachusetts

Anne Hutchinson

This is what the farms produced in the Middle Region

Oats, Wheat, Barley, Rye, Corn

This was the founder of Pennsylvania who established Pennsylvania for the Quaker Religion

William Penn

This is the religion William Penn was a part of

Quaker

These are the beliefs the Quaker Religion followed

Peacefulness & Equality for all

This is the major job in the Southern Region

Farming Tobacco & Cotton

This is the climate and soil in the Southern Region

Warm Climate with Good, Fertile Soil

This is what the farms produced in the Southern Region

Cash Crops

A large farm that grows cash crops with lots of workers in the South

Plantation

Someone who is forced to work on a plantation down South

Slave

This was the founder of Georgia

James Oglethorpe

Transferring of slaves, cash crops, and manufactured goods between West Africa, American colonies and the European colonial powers

Triangular Trade

1st representative assembly (or self-governing body)

Virginia House of Burgesses

1620, 1st document to establish representative (or self) government in the colonies

Mayflower Compact

subsistence farming

farming in which only enough food to feed one's family is produced

Middle Passage

A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies

self sufficient

able to provide there own needs

charter

A document that gives the holder the right to organize settlements in an area

royal colony

A colony ruled by a governor who was appointed by the king or queen

Jamestown

The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in 1607

Puritans

A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. They came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay.

quakers

A form of Protestantism in which the believers were pacifists and would shake at the power of the word of the Lord