1

which is the pump?

heart

what are you hearing with the ‘lub’ and ‘dub’?

-closures of heart valves

-both together is one heart beat

difference between lub and dub (normal)

L: lower tone/freq, longer

definition:

biphasic

-having two phases

(in cardio) lub, dub

blood flow basics:

which atrium receives de-oxygenated blood?

R

blood flow basics:

which atrium receives oxygenated blood?

L

blood flow basics:

which chamber does the aorta come off from?

LV

which chamber does the pulmonary a come off from?

RV

blood flow basics:

where does the pulmonary a go to ?

-lungs

blood flow basics:

how does the blood circulate?

-based on a high/low P circuit

high P: body (larger part)

low P: lungs

what is the main artery leaving the L side circulation?

-aorta

What is the main artery leaving the right side circulation?

Pulmonary artery

how many views of the heart do you take? why?

2

lateral and DV/VD (dorsoventral/ventrodorsal)

-to view size and any other abnormalities

which is the auricular surface?

generally L thorax view

-side where you see auricles

which is the atrial surface?

generally R thorax view

-can see both atria

why can’t you use L/R when talking about the heart?

-because during development, the heart twists

basics:

how to read xrays (black vs white)

– White will generally be bone and stuff

– Black will be (empty), gas

• Note: in thorax a lot of black is good

turquoise oval

aorta

(auricular surface)

light oval

pulmonary trunk

(auricular surface)

bright blue oval

pulmonary a

(auricular surface)

star (general note)

-pulmonary a and aorta generally come from A

differences between conducting, distributing, and arterioles (aa)?

c: elastic to support large amt of blood coming from aorta

d: muscular to contract/expand depending on blood flow needs to certain parts of the body

a: v fine and attach to capillaries

bright blue oval

base

navy oval

apex

bright blue edge

cranial border

light blue edge

caudal border

bright rectangle (L corner)

-trachea (can tell because outlined by cartilage)

turqouise oval (top L)

base

light oval (R bottom corner)

apex

large rectangle

heart

-can’t tell it’s LHS or RHS just based on lateral view)

Right blue edge

Cranial border

Gray edge

caudal border