✨✨✨Anatomy Chapter 24: The Digestive System: Assessments Multiple Choice

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Each of the following organs is a component of the digestive tract, EXCEPT the

a) stomach

b) pharynx

c) esophagus

d) bladder

e) colon

d) bladder

Which of the following is an accessory organ of digestion?

a) appendix

b) pancreas

c) spleen

d) colon

e) esophagus

b) pancreas

Digestion refers to the

a) progressive dehydration of indigestible residue

b) mechanical breakdown of food

c) chemical breakdown of food

d) mechanical and chemical breakdown of food

e) all of the above

d) mechanical and chemical breakdown of food

Which of the following is NOT a function of the digestive system?

a) mechanical processing

b) absorption

c) compaction

d) ingestion

e) filtration

e) filtration

Waves of muscular contractions that propel the contents of the digestive tract are called

a) segmentation

b) pendular movements

c) peristalsis

d) churning movements

e) mastication

c) peristalsis

The lamina propria and mucous epithelium are components of the

a) serosa

b) adventitia

c) muscularis mucosa

d) mucosa

e) submucosa

d) mucosa

The _____ are double sheets of peritoneal membrane that suspend the visceral organs and carry nerves, lymphatics, and blood vessels.

a) serosa

b) adventitia

c) mesenteries

d) fibrosa

e) lamina propria

c) mesenteries

What organ is primarily responsible for water absorption? a) pancreas

b) esophagus

c) large intestine

d) stomach

e) anus

c) large intestine

Which of the following contains adipose tissue and provides padding for the anterior and lateral portions of the abdomen?

a) falciform ligament

b) greater omentum

c) mesentery proper

d) lesser omentum

e) diaphragm

b) greater omentum

Contraction of the _____ layer of the intestinal wall functions to change the shape of the intestinal lumen and moves food through its length.

a) submucosa

b) adventitia

c) serosa

d) mucosa

e) muscularis

e) muscularis

A stratified squamous epithelial lining can be found in the

a) oral cavity

b) oropharynx

c) anal canal

d) esophagus

e) all of the above

e) all of the above

Salivary amylase functions to digest

a) carbohydrates

b) cellulose

c) proteins

d) nucleic acids

e) lipids

a) carbohydrates

_____ pair(s) of salivary glands secrete into the oral cavity.

a) one

b) three

c) five

d) two

e) four

b) three

The _____ gland empties into the upper regions of the oral cavity.

a) parotid

b) submaxillary

c) submandibular

d) sublingual

e) vestibular

a) parotid

Functions of the tongue include

a) manipulation of food

b) mechanical processing of food

c) sensory analysis of food

d) A and B only

e) all of the above

e) all of the above

The lateral walls of the oral cavity are formed by the

a) gingival

b) pharynx

c) cheeks

d) vestibule

e) tongue

c) cheeks

The space between the cheeks and the teeth is called the

a) epiglottis

b) vestibule

c) cheek

d) larynx

e) pharynx

b) vestibule

The first place chemical digestion takes place is the

a) stomach

b) oral cavity

c) small intestine

d) esophagus

e) pancreas

b) oral cavity

The structure that separates the nasal and oral cavities from one another is called the

a) oropharynx

b) nasal septum

c) palate

d) uvula

e) lingual frenulum

c) palate

Chewing is called

a) deglutition

b) defecation

c) mastication

d) absorption

e) ingestion

c) mastication

Upon swallowing, food moves from the mouth directly into the

a) sublingual space

b) oral vestibule

c) oropharynx

d) oral mucosae

e) buccal cavity

c) oropharynx

In most cases, the mumps is a viral infection of the _____ glands.

a) submandibular

b) mandibular

c) lingual

d) sublingual

e) parotid

e) parotid

The esophagus passes through a hole in the diaphragm called the

a) pylorus

b) esophageal hiatus

c) cardia

d) lower esophageal sphincter

e) upper esophageal sphincter

b) esophageal hiatus

Modification of the mucosa of the small intestines that allows for expansion of the organ and act as mechanical "speed bumps" are the

a) mucus glands

b) plicae

c) ciliated columnar cells

d) muscularis smooth muscle

b) plicae

The main part of the stomach is called the

a) cardia

b) fundus

c) body

d) pylorus

c) body

Cholecystokinin from the intestinal wall is stimulated by the presence of

a) proteins, fats, and acid in the esophagus

b) proteins, fats, and acid in the stomach

c) proteins, fats, and acid in the duodenum

d) proteins, fat, and acid in the liver

c) proteins, fats, and acid in the duodenum

Functions of the stomach include

a) initiation of protein digestion

b) mechanical breakdown of food

c) storage of recently ingested food

d) all of the above

d) all of the above

The enzyme pepsin digests

a) carbohydrates

b) lipids

c) proteins

d) fats

c) proteins

Plicae and intestinal villi

a) increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine

b) secrete digestive enzymes

c) carry products of digestion that will not pass through the walls of blood capillaries

d) produce hormones

a) increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine

Intestinal glands in the valleys of the villi

a) increase the surface area of the mucosal lining

b) produce new cells for the mucosa

c) secrete watery intestinal fluid

d) remove what cannot be absorbed

c) secrete watery intestinal fluid

The portion of the small intestine that is attached to the pylorus of the stomach is the

a) cecum

b) duodenum

c) ileum

d) jejunum

b) duodenum

An intestinal hormone that stimulates the gall bladder to release bile is

a) GIP

b) CCK

c) peptin

d) enterokinase

b) CCK

Which of the following foods will spend the most time in the stomach?

a) pasta

b) rice

c) cake

d) steak

d) steak

The bulk of each tooth consists of a mineralized matrix similar to that of bone called

a) pulp

b) enamel

c) cementum

d) dentin

d) dentin

Which salivary gland produces a serous secretion containing large amount of salivary amylase?

a) parotid

b) sublingual

c) submandibular

d) lingual

a) parotid

The connection of the anterior portion of the tongue to the underlying epithelium is the

a) uvula

b) labial frenulum

c) faux

d) lingual frenulum

d) lingual frenulum

During deglutition,

a) the lower esophageal sphincter opens

b) smooth muscle contracts

c) the larynx elevates and the epiglottis closes

d) the soft palate elevates

e) all of the above

e) all of the above

Functions of the stomach include all of the following EXCEPT

a) absorption of triglycerides

b) storage of ingested food

c) initiation of protein digestion

d) denaturation of proteins

a) absorption of triglycerides

Gastric pits are

a) acid scars in the esophagus

b) ridges in the body the stomach

c) openings into gastric glands

d) involved in absorption of liquids from the stomach

c) openings into gastric glands

The hormone that stimulates secretion and contraction by the stomach is

a) secretin

b) cholecystokinin

c) enteropeptidase

d) gastrin

d) gastrin

Mary had her stomach mostly removed to try to overcome obesity. As a result you would expect Mary to be at risk for

a) pernicious anemia

b) dehydration

c) protein malnutrition

d) diarrhea

a) pernicious anemia

The portion of the small intestine that attaches to the cecum is the

a) duodenum

b) ileum

c) haustrum

d) appendix

b) ileum

What type of epithelium covers the intestinal villi?

a) simple squamous

b) simple cuboidal

c) stratified squamous

d) simple columnar

d) simple columnar

Tony is a chronic alcoholic with cirrhosis of the liver, a condition in which liver cells die and are replaced by connective tissue. Which of the following signs would you expect to observe in Tony?

a) jaundice

b) decrease in plasma protein production

c) portal hypertension and ascites

d) increased clotting time

e) all of the above

e) all of the above

Each of the following is a function of the liver EXCEPT

a) storage of glycogen and iron

b) glucagon production

c) inactivation of toxins

d) synthesis of plasma proteins

b) glucagon production

_____ are arranged within a lobule of the liver into a series of plates radiating outward from a central vein.

a) lobes

b) hepatocytes

c) portal cells

d) bile ducts

b) hepatocytes

Decreased levels of bile salts in the bile would interfere with

a) fat digestion

b) pancreatic amylase activity

c) protein digestion

d) protease action

a) fat digestion

The Kupffer cells of the liver

a) destroy bacteria

b) destroy RBCs

c) are phagocytic

d) all of the above

d) all of the above

The exocrine portion of the pancreas is composed of

a) pancreatic acini

b) pancreatic crypts

c) pancreatic lobules

d) islets of Langerhans

d) islets of Langerhans

The pancreas produces

a) sodium bicarbonate

b) peptidases and proteinases

c) lipases and amylase

d) nucleases

e) all of the above

e) all of the above

In response to the hormone secretin, the pancreas secretes a fluid

a) rich in enzymes

b) rich in bile

c) rich in bicarbonate ion

d) rich in mucus

c) rich in bicarbonate ion

Haustra are

a) expansible pouches of the colon

b) the source of colon hormones

c) strips of muscle in the colon

d) glands in the large intestine that secrete mucus

a) expansible pouches of the colon

The taenia coli are

a) longitudinal bands of smooth muscle in the colon wall

b) ridges in the mucosa of the colon

c) polyps that obstruct the sigmoid colon

d) tears of the colon

a) longitudinal bands of smooth muscle in the colon wall

A small, wormlike structure attached to the posteromedial surface of the cecum is the

a) pancreas

b) haustra

c) gallbladder

d) appendix

d) appendix