Geography Module 5+6

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering geological events, earth's spheres, and various climate classifications as detailed in the lesson notes.

Earthquakes

Shaking of the ground that results from movements of the earth's crust.

Volcanoes

A hole or vent in the earth's crust through which molten rock, steam, and other gases come forth.

Orographic effect

The cooling effect that happens when air is forced to rise so that it can go over a mountain.

Tsunamis

A series of very long waves generated by any rapid, large-scale disturbance of the sea.

Greenhouse effect

A process that traps heat in the atmosphere.

Biosphere

The system that includes all living organisms.

Lithosphere

All the solid land of the earth.

Low latitudes

Latitudes near the equator with warm climates.

Mid latitudes

Latitudes between the tropics and approximately $66^{\circ}\text{N}$ or $66^{\circ}\text{S}$.

High latitudes

Latitudes farthest from the equator and near the North or South Poles.

Polar climate

Climate that has consistently low temperatures all year.

Tropical climate

Climate that has consistently high rain and high temperatures.

Dry climate

Climate that has consistently low rain and high temperatures.

Continental climate

Climate that has dramatic seasonal changes; winters are cold, and summers are hot. Daily temperatures change often, and there is abundant rainfall.

Mediterranean climate

Climate that has very long, dry summers and wet winters, without large temperature changes.