period 4 apush

What is Manifest Destiny?

The 19th-century belief that the expansion of the United States throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.

What was the significance of the Louisiana Purchase?

The 1803 acquisition of the territory from France, which doubled the size of the United States and opened land for westward expansion.

Who was Thomas Jefferson?

The third President of the United States and principal author of the Declaration of Independence.

What was the War of 1812 about?

A conflict between the United States and Great Britain primarily over maritime rights and the impressment of American sailors.

What are the main components of the Missouri Compromise?

A series of agreements made in 1820 to maintain the balance between slave and free states, allowing Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state.

What did the Monroe Doctrine state?

A U.S. policy enacted in 1823 that opposed European colonialism in the Americas.

What was the Trail of Tears?

The forced relocation of Native American nations from southeastern U.S. to designated 'Indian Territory' in present-day Oklahoma.

What were the main events of the Texas Revolution?

The rebellion of colonists from the United States against Mexican rule in Texas culminating in the establishment of the Republic of Texas.

Who was Andrew Jackson?

The seventh President of the United States known for his populist appeal and his policies towards Native Americans.

What was the significance of the Second Great Awakening?

A religious revival movement in the early 19th century that emphasized individual piety and social reform.

What was the Seneca Falls Convention?

The first women’s rights convention held in 1848, which launched the women's suffrage movement.

What role did the Underground Railroad play?

A network of secret routes and safe houses that helped enslaved African Americans escape to free states.

What was the Compromise of 1850?

A series of laws aimed at balancing free and slave states, including the Fugitive Slave Act.

What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

A law passed in 1854 that allowed the territories of Kansas and Nebraska to decide whether to allow slavery.

What was the Dred Scott decision?

An 1857 Supreme Court ruling that denied citizenship to slaves and ruled that Congress had no authority to ban slavery in the territories.

What was the significance of the Lincoln-Douglas debates?

A series of debates in 1858 between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas focusing primarily on the issue of slavery.

What event began the Civil War?

The Confederate attack on Fort Sumter in South Carolina on April 12, 1861.

What was the Emancipation Proclamation?

An executive order by President Lincoln in 1863 declaring the freedom of all slaves in Confederate-held territory.

What is Romanticism?

An artistic and intellectual movement originating in the late 18th century that emphasized emotion, individualism, and the glorification of nature and the past.

What did the 13th Amendment accomplish?

The amendment ratified in 1865 that abolished slavery in the United States.

What was the Market Revolution?

A period in the early 19th century characterized by a drastic change in the economy, moving from localized and agrarian economies to a more interconnected, capitalist economy driven by innovations in transportation and communication.