AIIMS CRE Physiotherapy Practice Flashcards

Acromion Process

The most lateral point of the shoulder, used as a landmark for girth measurement.

Coracoid Process

A bony landmark palpable inferior and slightly medial to the lateral end of the clavicle; serves as an attachment for Pectoralis Minor, Coracobrachialis, and the Short head of Biceps.

Rotator Cuff Muscles (SITS)

A group of four muscles: Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, and Subscapularis.

Glenohumeral (GH) Joint Capsular Pattern

A pattern of restriction where $ER > ABD > IR$ (External Rotation is most limited, followed by Abduction and then Internal Rotation).

Shoulder Loose-Packed Position (LPP)

$55^{\circ}$ Abduction and $30^{\circ}$ Horizontal Adduction.

Shoulder Close-Packed Position (CPP)

Full Abduction and Full External Rotation.

Supraspinatus Functional Significance

Crucial for keeping the humeral head compressed into the glenoid fossa during arm elevation to prevent superior migration.

Empty Can Test (Jobe's Test)

Clinical test for the Supraspinatus involving $90^{\circ}$ Abduction in the scapular plane with full Internal Rotation ($IR$) while resisting downward force.

Infraspinatus Action

Primary External Rotator and GH joint stabilizer.

Subscapularis MMT

Tests include the Lift-off Test (hand on lower back) and the Belly Press Test.

Scapulohumeral Rhythm (SHR)

The coordinated movement of the GH joint and ST joint during arm elevation in a $2:1$ ratio.

Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder)

A condition characterized by significant restriction of active and passive ROM in a capsular pattern ($ER > ABD > IR$), often associated with Diabetes Mellitus and Thyroid disease.

Neer's Impingement Test

Passive full flexion with Internal Rotation ($IR$) to jam the rotator cuff against the coracoacromial arch, testing for subacromial impingement.

Drop Arm Test

A clinical test for a full-thickness Rotator Cuff Tear where the patient is unable to slowly lower their arm from $90^{\circ}$ abduction.

Bankart Lesion

Injury to the anterior-inferior labrum resulting from anterior shoulder dislocation.

Hill-Sachs Lesion

A compression fracture of the posterior-superior humeral head from impact against the glenoid rim