Meningocele and Neural Tube Defects

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering the definition, etiology, diagnosis, and nursing management of Meningocele based on lecture notes.

Meningocele

A type of Spina bifida cystica that encases meninges and spinal fluid but contains no neural elements.

Neural tube defects

Abnormalities derived from the failure of the embryonic neural tube to close, which can involve the entire length or a small area.

Timing of neural tube closure failure

Incomplete closure occurs during the 4th week of embryogenesis.

Etiology of Meningocele

Causes include genetics, intake of valproic acid during pregnancy, and a lack of Folic acid and iron intake.

Prenatal detection window

Diagnostic evaluation typically occurs between $16$ and $18$ weeks of gestation.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

A substance found in high concentrations in maternal blood during prenatal testing for neural tube defects.

Standard surgical window

Laminectomy and closure of the lesion or removal of the sac within the first $24$ to $72$ hours.

Emergency surgical timing

Surgical closure within the first $24$ hours is recommended if the sac is leaking CSF.

Prone positioning

The recommended position for an infant with Meningocele, with hips slightly flexed, to avoid pressure and decrease tension on the sac.

Hydrocephalus

A potential complication related to altered cerebral tissue perfusion that must be monitored pre- and post-operatively.

Urinary elimination management

Applying firm gentle pressure to the abdomen from the umbilical area toward the symphysis pubis to aid elimination.

Clean intermittent self catheterization

A technique taught to parents to help the child achieve urinary continence.

Spina bifida occulta

A type of spina bifida distinct from meningocele and myelomeningocele often identified in diagnostic diagrams.

Myelomeningocele

A type of spina bifida that, unlike meningocele, involves the protrusion of neural elements.