5.1 Probability Rules

Probability

measure of the likelihood that an event will occur in a random experiment.

experiment

any process that can be repeated in which the results are uncertain.

outcome

a single observation or result from an activity or experiment.

sample space, S

the set of all possible outcomes .use {]

event, E

any combination of outcomes.consist of a single outcome or more than one

outcome. Think of an event as a subgroup of a sample spac

simple event

outcome or an event that cannot be further broken down into simpler components.

The Law of Large Numbers

the number of repetitions of a probability experiment increases, the proportion (relative frequency) with

which a certain outcome is observed gets closer to the probability of the outcome

event is impossible

probability of the event is 0.

event is a certainty

probability of the event is 1.

unusual event

event that has a low probability of occurring Usually 5%