Eukaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic cells contain a ________-_______ nucleus

Membrane-Bound

Cytoplasm FUNCTION

• Supports organelles

• Helps diffuse proteins, info, etc. within the cell

Cytoplasm LOCATION

Region between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope

Cytoplasm STRUCTURE

~ 75% water giving it a semi-solid consistency due to organelles and protein thats suspended within it

Nucleus FUNCTION

Stores the genetic material for the cell (DNA/Chromosomes)

Nucleus STRUCTURE

• Typically the largest organelle

• Surrounded by a nuclear envelope

• Often contains a nucleoulus

Nucleus LOCATION

Typically located within the middle of the cell

Nucleolus

Region inside the nucleus where ribosomes are assembled from RNA & proteins

Nuclear Envelope

• Has a double membrane

• Contains nuclear pores

Nuclear Pores

Regulates the flow of molecules in and out of the nucleus

Chromosomes

A highly condensed form of DNA; forms linear

Chromatin

A more relaxed state of DNA; becomes thread like and non-distinct

Ribosomes FUNCTION

The site of protein synthesis

Ribosomes STRUCTURE

Composed of rRNA and proteins

Ribosomes LOCATION

• Assembled in the nucleoli but functions in the cytoplasm

• Located throughout the cytoplasm

• AND attached to the endoplasmic reticulum

Lysosomes STRUCTURE

• Membrane-bound

• Low pH with acid hydrolyses (a special digestive enzyme)

Lysosomes FUNCTION

• Breaks down macromolecules

• Degrades worn out organelles

• Destroys cells or foreign matter the cell engulfed

• a.k.a the “recycling center of the cell”

Lysosomes LOCATION

Found freely floating in the cells cytoplasm

Peroxisomes STRUCTURE

Small membrane-bound vesicle with enzymes

Peroxisomes FUNCTION

• Breaks down excess fatty acids and amino acids

• Synthesizes certain lipids

• Detoxifies (e.x. poisons, alcohol, etc.)

• Sequestration of toxic metabolic rxns

Peroxisomes LOCATION

Found freely floating in the cytoplasm, often close to the ER and mitochondria