Food Tech cgp pages 1-10

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/44

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

This set of flashcards covers important vocabulary related to food, nutrition, and health, focusing on macronutrients, micronutrients, and their roles in the body.

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

45 Terms

1
New cards

Proteins

Macronutrients needed for growth, repair, and maintenance, composed of amino acids.

2
New cards

Essential Amino Acids

Amino acids that must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot synthesize them.

3
New cards

Non-Essential Amino Acids

Amino acids that the body can synthesize on its own.

4
New cards

High Biological Value Proteins (HBV)

Proteins that contain all essential amino acids, primarily sourced from animals.

5
New cards

Low Biological Value Proteins (LBV)

Proteins that lack one or more essential amino acids, primarily sourced from plants.

6
New cards

Protein Complementation

Combining different LBV protein sources to provide all essential amino acids.

7
New cards

Dietary Reference Values

Estimates of daily nutrient intake necessary for individuals.

8
New cards

Kwashiorkor

A severe protein deficiency disease characterized by edema and swelling.

9
New cards

Mycoprotein

A protein alternative made from fungus, used in meat substitutes.

10
New cards

Tofu

A protein-rich food made from curdled soya milk, available in different textures.

11
New cards

Saturated Fats

Fats that are generally solid at room temperature and linked to health issues.

12
New cards

Unsaturated Fats

Fats that are generally liquid at room temperature and considered healthier.

13
New cards

Triglycerides

Fats composed of glycerol and fatty acids.

14
New cards

Glycaemic Index (GI)

A ranking of carbohydrates based on their effect on blood sugar levels.

15
New cards

Simple Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates that are quickly digested, leading to a rapid rise in blood sugar.

16
New cards

Complex Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates that take longer to digest, providing a gradual energy release.

17
New cards

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamins that dissolve in water and need to be consumed daily, such as vitamin C.

18
New cards

Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamins that are stored in body fat and do not need to be consumed daily.

19
New cards

Antioxidants

Substances that may prevent cell damage and boost health, such as vitamins A, C, and E.

20
New cards

Calcium

A mineral essential for strong bones and teeth, and necessary for blood clotting.

21
New cards

Iron

A mineral required for hemoglobin production in red blood cells.

22
New cards

Phosphorus

A mineral necessary for healthy bones and teeth.

23
New cards

Fluoride

A trace element that strengthens teeth and prevents tooth decay.

24
New cards

Iodine

A trace element necessary for making hormones in the body.

25
New cards

Fibre

A type of carbohydrate that aids digestion and prevents constipation.

26
New cards

Dehydration

A condition resulting from inadequate water intake, affecting bodily functions.

27
New cards

Symptoms of Protein Deficiency

Growth issues, weakened immune system, poor skin, hair, and nails.

28
New cards

Sources of Protein

Meat, fish, dairy products, nuts, seeds, beans, and soya.

29
New cards

Functions of Fats

Provide energy, absorb fat-soluble vitamins, and protect organs.

30
New cards

Excess Protein Effects

Can strain kidneys and liver and result in dehydration.

31
New cards

Deficiency of Fat Effects

Can lead to vitamin deficiencies, weight loss, and poor insulation.

32
New cards

Excess Carbohydrate Effects

Can lead to fat conversion, obesity, and increased blood sugar levels.

33
New cards

Water Needs

Around 2 liters per day, more if exercising or in hot conditions.

34
New cards

Vitamins A, D, E, K

Vitamin A is essential for vision, immune function, and skin health. Vitamin D is vital for calcium absorption and bone health, contributing to overall skeletal integrity. Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative damage, while Vitamin K is critical for blood clotting and bone metabolism.

35
New cards

Vitamin C

A water-soluble vitamin important for immune function and skin health.

36
New cards

Dietary Fibre Benefits

Supports digestion, prevents constipation, may reduce colon cancer risk.

37
New cards

Function of Vitamin D

Aids calcium absorption, essential for bone health.

38
New cards

Vitamin B Group

Water-soluble vitamins necessary for energy release and overall metabolic function.

39
New cards

Recommended Daily Vitamin Intake

Specific amounts of vitamins recommended for health maintenance.

40
New cards

Problems from Too Much Iron

Toxicity causes stomach pain, nausea, constipation, and can be fatal.

41
New cards

Functions of Water

Controls temperature, eliminates waste, aids digestion, and circulates nutrients.

42
New cards

Health Issues from Fibre Deficiency

Constipation, high blood pressure, and colon cancer risk.

43
New cards

Obesity Causes

Excess fat resulting from high calorie intake, particularly from carbohydrates.

44
New cards

Signs of Dehydration

Dizziness, slower reactions, and thickened blood leading to lethargy.

45
New cards

Empty Calories

Calories from added sugars that provide energy but lack nutritional value.