Identifying Homologous Series

Alkenes C=C

React with Bromine Water: Decolourises in the precence of C=C

ASK in ms i saw, it said bromine or Br2, not bromie water, is that fine? whatb is the formula of bromine water

Haloalkanes C-F, C-Cl, C-Br, C-I

React with AgNO₃ (aq) and test the precipitate with NH₃ (aq):

AgCl is a white precipitate soluble in dilute NH₃ (aq)

AgBr is a cream precipitate soluble in concentrated NH₃ (aq)

AgI is a yellow precipitate INsoluble in concentratedNH₃ (aq)

Alcohols -OH

React with H⁺/Cr₂O₇^-2 : Colour change from Orange to Green in the presence of primary and secondary alcohols, not change for tertiary

Aldehydes -CHO

React with 2,4-DNP: Yellow Orange ppt is formed in the presence of a carbonyl group

React with Tollens Reagent: A silver mirror is produced if a aldehyde is present

ASK fehlings

React with Acidified Potassium Dichromate (VI), K₂Cr₂O₇: Orange solution to Green CHECK

Ketones RCOR’

React with 2,4-DNP: Yellow Orange ppt is formed in the presence of a carbonyl group

Carboxylic Acids -COOH:

Test pH: pH less than 7 using pH probe

React with a carbonate: Effervescence as CO₂ is produced.

ASK notes table on back of aldehydes

ASK carbonare examples

Esters RCOOR’

Distinct sweet smell

ASK notes on testing for ester