Food Core Final Exam Review

Comprehensive vocabulary and concept review for the Food Core final exam, covering measurements, cooking methods, baking ingredients, classifications of fruits and vegetables, dairy properties, and essential nutrients.

Teaspoons in a tablespoon

$$3t$$

Tablespoons in 1 cup

$$16T$$

Ounces in 1 cup

$$8oz$$

Ounces in 4 cups

$$32oz$$

Quarts in a gallon

$$4\,quarts$$

Cups in 1 pint

$$2c$$

Pints needed for 3 people wanting 2 cups each

$$3\,pints$$

Moist heat cooking methods

Broil, Braise, Boil, and Poach

Dry heat cooking methods

Sauté, Bake, Roast, and Fry

Gluten

The building material of baked goods that adds structure and helps dough rise to become big and fluffy

Sweeteners

Ingredients used to add sweetness in baking

Eggs

A binding agent that binds oil and water

Creaming

The process of combining Butter (Fats) and sugars in baking

Batter

A mixture that is runny

Dough

A mixture that is like a malleable solid

Quick Bread

Bread that is quick to make

Yeast Bread

Bread made by growing yeast to create air in dough, which takes a long time to make

Broccoli

A vegetable belonging to the Cabbage Family

Potatoes

A vegetable categorized as Roots & Tubers

Tomatoes

A vegetable categorized as Fruit/Vegetable

Corn

A vegetable categorized as Seeds+Pods

Chives and Celery

Vegetables categorized as Stems, Shoots, or Stalks

Cucumbers

A vegetable belonging to the Squash Family

Fruit Nutrients

Fruits are high in Vitamin C, Potassium, and Vitamin A

Strawberries and Persimmons

Examples of Berries

Cantaloupe

An example of a Melon

Apples

An example of a Pome

Bananas

An example of a Tropical fruit

Peaches

An example of a Drupe

Lemons

An example of a Citrus fruit

Whole Milk

The type of milk with the highest fat content

Pasteurized milk

Milk that has been cooked/boiled to kill harmful bacteria

White Sauce Thickener

Butter Flour

Whey

The part of the milk that is made into cheese

Processed Cheeses

Velveeta and Cream cheese

Unripened Cheeses

Cream cheese and Cottage cheese

Ripened Cheeses

Cheddar and Brick

Quiche

A savory dish that may look like an egg tart, provided in individual portions, and contains protein and cholesterol

Three functions of nutrients

Providing energy, promoting growth/development, and regulating bodily functions

Water

Considered the most critical nutrient; used for transportation of nutrients and regulating body temperature

Carbohydrates

Nutrients that provide fuel and energy for the body to function via calories

Proteins

Nutrients used to build and repair tissues

Lipids (Fats)

Nutrients used for stored energy, transporting fat-soluble vitamins, and insulating the body

Vitamins

Enzymes that help the body maintain normal health and growth

Minerals

Naturally occurring inorganic solid substances

Vitamin B12

Maintains health of blood cells, brain, heart, immune system, and metabolism; used to improve energy and mood

Vitamin C

Maintains health of blood vessels, bones, and immune system; helps wounds heal and acts as an antioxidant

Vitamin A

Keeps eyes, skin, immune system, and reproductive system healthy

Vitamin D

Increases calcium absorption to maintain bone health and supports the immune system and brain health