Chapter 6 - Securing the Constitution and the Union (1787-1800)

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22 Terms

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Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Land policy for new western territories that established self-government terms and banned slavery.

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Shay's Rebellion

Armed uprising in 1787 by farmers seeking debt relief through paper currency and lower taxes.

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Federalism

Division of governmental authority between the national government and the states.

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Separation of Powers

Division of government into three branches with checks and balances.

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The Federalist Papers

Collection of essays supporting the ratification of the Constitution.

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Bill of Rights (1791)

First ten amendments to the Constitution guaranteeing individual rights.

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Jeffersonian Republicans

Political party founded by Thomas Jefferson opposing the Federalist Party.

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Hamilton's Economic Reforms

Measures to strengthen the economy, promote industries, and establish a national bank.

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Bank of the United States (BUS)

National bank for holding federal funds and issuing currency.

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French Revolution

1789 movement that overthrew the monarchy and caused instability.

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Jay's Treaty

1794 agreement resolving trade disputes and British fort evacuations.

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Whiskey Rebellion (1794)

Farmers' protest against whiskey tax, suppressed by federal forces.

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Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)

Laws limiting speech and press freedoms, targeting immigrants.

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Election of 1800

First Democratic-Republican victory, marking a political shift.

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Federalists

Supporters of a strong centralized government during the Constitution's ratification.

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Anti-Federalists

Opponents of the Constitution advocating for state power.

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Virginia Plan

Proposal for proportional representation in Congress favoring larger states.

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New Jersey Plan

Proposal for equal state representation in Congress maintaining a unicameral structure.

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XYZ Affair (1798)

Diplomatic incident with France leading to public outrage over bribery demands.

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Branches of Government

Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches designed to balance power.

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Washington's Farewell Address

Warning against foreign alliances and political parties, promoting national unity.

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Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809)

Key actions during his presidency.