Law Enforcement Organization and Administration Flashcards

A set of 100 question and answer flashcards covering key concepts, historical background, legal mandates, rank structures, and functions of law enforcement agencies based on the lecture transcript.

What Greek word is the term "Police" derived from, and what does it mean?

POLITEIA, which means "a government of a city".

What Roman word was modified from the Greek word POLITEIA?

POLITIA.

What is the meaning of the French word "POLICE"?

A person who enforces the law.

How is police defined in its broadest sense?

Internal organization or regulation of a State, the control and regulation of a community through the exercise of the Constitutional power of government.

How is police defined in its restricted sense?

A body of armed men, which as an institution, can exercise its duties by armed physical forces in the preservation of peace and order, detection of crime and the execution of laws.

What is defined in its specific sense as a rule of conduct that is just and obligatory?

Law.

How is Enforcement defined in the transcript?

Act of enforcing, ensuring observance of or obedience; to which enforces, constraints, gives force authority, or effect to.

What is Law Enforcement?

Any system by which some members of government act in an organized manner to enforce the law by discovering, deterring, rehabilitating, or punishing people who violate the rules and norms governing that society.

What is Law Enforcement Administration?

Refers to administering or managing the enforcement of law in order to ensure its observance or obedience for the common good.

Who is defined as a Law Enforcement Officer?

A government employee who is responsible for the prevention, investigation, apprehension, or detention of individuals suspected or convicted of offenses against the criminal law.

What are the four bases of enforcement listed in the notes?

Crime, Law and Order, Criminal Law, and Criminal Justice.

What is the Continental Theory of police service?

Policemen are servants of the higher authorities, and the people have little or no share at all in their duties, nor any direct connection with them. Practiced in France, Italy, and Spain.

What is the Home Rule Theory of police service?

Policemen are servants of the community, who depend for the effectiveness of their functions upon the express wishes of the people. Practiced in England and U.S.A.

What is the Old Concept of police service?

Police is looked upon as repressive machinery, placing more people in jail rather than keeping them out, with punishment as the only crime control and efficiency measured by arrests.

What is the Modern Concept of police service?

It considers police as an organ of crime prevention, involving social services with the welfare of the individual and society as objectives, and efficiency measured by the absence of crime.

What basic police function is directed at the elimination or reduction of the desire to commit crime?

Crime Prevention.

What basic police function refers to the control or neutralization of criminal activity?

Crime Control.

What basic police function is done by enforcing rules, regulations, and ordinances aimed at achieving a desired uniform standard of activity?

Regulations or Control of Non-Criminal Conduct.

Which category of police activities includes patrol work, traffic control/management, and juvenile and vice control?

Primary, Line or Operation Police functions.

Which category of police activities takes charge of transportation, communication, property supply, records, laboratory, jail, and identification?

Secondary, Auxiliary or Service Functions.

Which category of police activities includes personnel, intelligence, inspection, planning activities, budgeting, training, and public relations?

Administrative or Managerial Functions.

How is Organization defined in law enforcement administration?

The process of identifying and grouping the work to be performed, defining and delegating responsibility and authority, and establishing relationships to enable people to work effectively.

Under E.O. 292 Chapter 11, what served as the nucleus of the Integrated National Police?

The Philippine Constabulary.

Who was designated as the head of the Integrated National Police under E.O. 292 Section 65?

The Chief of Constabulary, to be known as Director-General.

What are the five functions of the Integrated National Police under E.O. 292 Section 66?

1. Enforce law and maintain peace, 2. Ensure public safety, 3. Prevent and control fires, 4. Administer city and municipal jails, 5. Perform such other functions provided by law or assigned by higher authorities.

What is Police Administration?

The process involved in ensuring strict compliance, proper obedience of laws and related statutes that focuses on how law enforcement agencies are organized and managed.

What are the two main concerns of Police Administration?

Performance of management duties within the department, and implementation of policies and programs related to crime, disorder and public safety.

What is Policing?

Refers to the activities carried out by the law enforcement officers in order to preserve law and order or the actions of a person or group in authority to ensure fairness and legality in an area of public life.

What happens during the First Stage (Informal Policing) of policing development?

All members of a society share the responsibility for providing protection and keeping peace and order.

What happens during the Second Stage (Transitional Policing) of policing development?

Police functions are informally assigned to particular members of the society.

What happens during the Third Stage (Formal Policing) of policing development?

Specific members of the community assume formal responsibility for protection and social control.

What is the core focus of the Concept of Law Enforcement in its purest form?

An unwavering adherence to rules and procedures, focusing on the letter of the law rather than the spirit of the law.

What organic units perform primary or line functions like patrol, traffic, investigation, and vice control?

Operational Units.

What organic units perform administrative functions like personnel, finance, planning, and training?

Administrative Units.

What organic units perform auxiliary functions such as communications and records management?

Service Units.

What is a Bureau in a functional police unit structure?

The largest organic unit within a large department.

What is a Division in a functional police unit structure?

The primary subdivision of a bureau.

What is a Section in a functional police unit structure?

The functional unit within a particular division necessary for specialization.

What is a Unit in a functional police unit structure?

A functional group within a section where further specialization is needed.

What are the Four Primal Conditions of the Law Enforcement Organization?

Authority, Mutual Cooperation / Coordination / Consultation, Doctrine, and Discipline.

How is Authority defined as a primal condition of an organization?

The right to direct, command and control the behavior of the employees by the senior officer by virtue of rank or position.

How is Doctrine defined as a primal condition of an organization?

The organization's objectives and the source of various actions to assure organizational coordination (e.g., policies, procedures, rules, and regulations).

What is the Principle of Unity of Objectives?

An organization structure is effective if it enables individuals to contribute to organizations/unit objectives.

What is the Principle of Organizational Efficiency?

A structure is effective if it is structured to aid the accomplishment of the organization's objectives with minimum unsought consequences or costs.

What is the Scalar Principle?

It prescribes the vertical hierarchy of organization, defining an unbroken chain or scale of units from top to bottom describing explicitly the flow of authority.

What is Unity of Command?

A hierarchical system in which a subordinate is accountable to one and only one immediate superior.

What is Span of Control?

Relates to the number of subordinates a superior can effectively supervise.

What four factors determine the Span of Control?

1. Managerial ability of superior, 2. Effectiveness of organizational communication system, 3. Effectiveness of management control exercised over operations, 4. Organizational philosophy on centralization versus decentralization.

What is Delegation of Authority?

Refers to the growth of the chain of command resulting in the creation of additional levels in the organizational structure with the corresponding position and officer to assume the delegated authority.

What is the Functional Principle in police organization?

Horizontal growth of the organization which applies to line and staff functions; the breaking up of work units to achieve specialization.

What is the Completed Staff Work Principle?

Includes a thorough analysis of a problem, consideration of all feasible courses of action, and a recommended solution that the commander approved or disapproved.

What is the Chain of Command?

The hierarchical relationship of positions through which the primary functions of the organization are performed; a line or chain of superiors from top to bottom.

What are the three echelons of the Chain of Command?

Top Echelon, Middle Echelon, and Lower Echelon.

What is Command Responsibility?

The commander is responsible for all that his subordinates or unit does or fails to do; this responsibility can never be delegated.

What was the Kin Police system formed in 927 B.C.?

A system where citizens were responsible for law enforcement in their communities and the family or clan was responsible for the administration of justice.

What were Questors in 5th Century B.C. Rome?

The first specialized investigative unit, also named as Trackers or Murderers.

Who established the Mutual Pledge system during the 9th Century Anglo-Saxon Period?

Alfred the Great.

What was a Tithing under Alfred the Great's system?

A grouping of ten persons to protect one another and to assume responsibility for the acts of the group's members, headed by a Chief.

What was a Ten Tithing in Anglo-Saxon England?

A grouping of hundred persons under the charge of a High Constable where Hue and Cry was enforced.

How did King William Norman divide England, and who supervised each district?

Divided England into 56 military districts called Shires (counties), each under a Reeve (Sheriff) and supervised by a Constable.

What was the role of the Praetorian Guard created by Roman Emperor Augustus?

To protect the Palace of Rome and the Emperor.

What were the Vigiles of Rome?

Civil police who began as firefighters, later given law enforcement powers to patrol Rome's streets day and night.

What were the three major duties of Night Watchmen under the Statute of Winchester (1285 A.D.)?

1. Patrolling the street for the entire night, 2. Lighting street lamps, clearing garbage, and putting out fires, 3. Enforcing criminal law.

What was the Assize of Arms under the Statute of Winchester?

An organization requiring every male 15 to 60 years old to keep a weapon in his home for keeping the peace.

Who founded the Bow Street Runners in 1748?

Henry Fielding (assisted by his half-brother John Fielding).

Who developed the science of policing in the late 1700s?

Patrick Colquhoun.

Who established the London Metropolitan Police through the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829?

Sir Robert Peel.

What is the test for police efficiency according to Sir Robert Peel's principles?

The absence of crime and disorder.

Who headed each Barangay in pre-Spanish Philippines and maintained peace and order?

Headman or Datu.

What police body was organized in 1842 armed with carbines to guard customs houses, rivers, and tobacco warehouses?

Carabineros de Seguridad Publica.

What was the Cuadrilleros established in 1836?

A body of police organized in each town where 5% of the able-bodied male inhabitants were enlisted for three years.

Why was the Guardia Civil created in 1868?

To partially relieve the colonial army troops of their work in policing the towns and checking highway robbery.

What Philippine Commission Act created the Philippine Constabulary on July 18, 1901?

Act No. 175.

Who was the first Chief of the Philippine Constabulary, and who was its first Filipino Chief?

First Chief: Lt. Col. Henry T. Allen; First Filipino Chief: Brig. General Rafael Crame (December 1917).

What law created the Police Commission (POLCOM) on September 12, 1966?

Republic Act No. 4864.

What decree established the Integrated National Police (INP) on August 8, 1975?

Presidential Decree No. 765.

Which constitutional section mandates a single national police force that is civilian in character?

Section 6, Article XVI of the 1987 Constitution.

Which law enacted on December 13, 1990 created the Philippine National Police (PNP)?

Republic Act No. 6975 (DILG Act of 1990).

Who signed Republic Act No. 6975 into law, and when did it take effect?

President Corazon C. Aquino on December 13, 1990; took effect on January 1, 1991.

What are four administrative police units under the PNP?

Logistics Support Services (LSS), Information Technology Management Services (ITMS), Finance Services (FS), and Health Service (HS).

What are four operational support units under the PNP?

Maritime Group (MG), Intelligence Group (IG), Special Action Force (SAF), and Criminal Investigation and Detection Group (CIDG).

What is the population classification for Type A Component Cities?

Cities with population ranging from 100,000 and above.

What is the minimum and average manning level ratio in the PNP?

Minimum is 1:1,000; Average is 1:500.

What does this table illustrate regarding the PNP Rank Classification?

It shows the transition of PNP ranks from the old titles ("Ngayon") to the new rank titles ("Bagong Batas"), such as Director-General becoming Police General and SP04 becoming Police Executive Master Sergeant.

Under the new rank classification law, what is the new rank title for Director-General?

Police General.

Under the new rank classification law, what is the new rank title for Inspector?

Police Lieutenant.

Where and how are collar insignias worn by PNP officers from Lieutenant to Colonel?

Attached approximately one inch from the front and lower side edges of the collar lapel.

What law amended R.A. 6975 to reform and reorganize the PNP, signed by Pres. Fidel V. Ramos on Feb 25, 1998?

Republic Act No. 8551 (Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998).

What is the difference between Permanent and Temporary appointment in the PNP?

Permanent is given when an applicant possesses all necessary requirements; Temporary is given when entering through any waiver program.

Under R.A. 11549 (Height Equality Act), what are the minimum height requirements for male and female applicants?

5'2" (1.57 m) for Male applicants and 5'0" (1.52 m) for Female applicants.

Who signed R.A. 11549 into law and on what date?

President Rodrigo R. Duterte on May 26, 2021.

How long is the mandatory Field Training Program for all uniformed PNP members?

12 months involving actual experience in patrol, traffic and investigation.

What is the compulsory retirement age for PNP members?

56 years old.

What rate of Longevity Pay are uniformed personnel entitled to receive?

10% of basic monthly salaries for every 5 years of service, up to a maximum of 50% of basic pay.

Which government agencies are represented by the badges displayed in this graphic?

The Philippine National Police (PNP), Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP), and Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP).

How is a Lock-up facility defined?

A security facility for the temporary detention of persons held for investigation or waiting preliminary hearing.

What are the inmate population limits for Type A, Type B, and Type C jails?

Type A: population of 100 inmates or more; Type B: population of 21 to 90 inmates; Type C: population of 20 inmates or less.

Under what law and section was the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) created?

Section 60, Republic Act No. 6975.

Who was the first Chief of the BJMP, taking his oath of office on July 01, 1991?

Director Charles S. Mondejar.

What law created the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP)?

Republic Act No. 6975 (DILG Act of 1990) Section 53.