Chapter 4 Infant and Toddler Development Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering key definitions, reflexes, growth milestones, and cognitive concepts from Chapter 4 exam review.

Reflex

An involuntary, unplanned body response to a stimulus.

Moro reflex

A reflex, also referred to as the startle reflex, that occurs when a baby is startled by a noise or sudden movement.

Palmar grasp reflex

A reflex in which an infant grips tightly after his or her palm is touched.

Rooting reflex

A reflex in which infants turn their heads toward anything that brushes their faces.

Babinski reflex

A reflex in which an infant fans his or her toes out when his or her feet are stroked.

Stepping reflex

An example of a primitive reflex in which an infant moves his or her legs in a walking motion when placed on his or her feet.

Sucking reflex

A reflex in which an infant will suck when a finger is placed on his or her lips or mouth.

Object permanence

A developmental concept beginning between 6 to 12 months of age, demonstrated when a child attempts to uncover an object that has been hidden under a blanket.

Deferred imitation

The act of watching another person's behavior and then acting out that behavior at a later time.

Culture

A shared system of meaning that includes the values, beliefs, and practices of a particular group.

Average Newborn Measurements

At birth, the average North American baby weighs between 6 pounds 9 ounces and 7 pounds 9 ounces and measures between 18 and 22 inches in length.

Two-Year-Old Growth Milestones

By 24 months (two years) of age, most children measure 32 to 36 inches in height and weigh four times their birth weight.

Mature Stage of Walking

A developmental stage in the walking sequence characterized by keeping the legs close together.

Pretend Play

An imaginative form of play that is typically not observed until a child reaches 18 to 24 months of age.