N334: Viral Infections & Antiviral Therapy

____ mutates faster and ____ is more stable

RNA (e.g single-stranded virus), DNA

____ viruses are fragile outside the body usually spread through close contacts

Enveloped

______ viruses are tougher/hardier and can survive on surfaces

Non-enveloped

____ = treats herpesvirus, big nursing concern = kidneys (assess hydration and monitor creatinine levels *RENAL monitoring. Herpes can establish latency and later reactivate

Acyclovir

_____ = treats influenza by inhibiting neuraminidase, hemagglutinin (helps attach and enter cells), neuraminidase (helps new virions leave infected cells). Works best when started early after symptoms begin (WITHIN 48 hours) 

Oseltamivir

NRITs (Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors): _____ block HIV RNA → DNA conversion, watch for hematologic toxicity and fatal lactic acidosis 

Zidovudine (AZT) 

NNRTI’s (Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors): _____ bind directly to reverse transcriptase. ADR: CNS effects and interacts with drugs metabolized by CYPЗA4

Efavirenz (Sustiva)

INSTI (Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor (stops INTERGRATION): ______ prevents HIV viral DNA from integrating into host DNA. *Careful if taking antacids/minerals (discuss timing with provider) 

Raltegravir

Protease Inhibitors (PIs): _____ is often a booster, competitive inhibition of HIV protease and strong CYP3A4 inhibitor

Ritonavir