Geog 1010 Adam Payne Exam 1

movement

people or migration

Geography

concepts that geographers use to study the world and the people that inhabit it

5 themes

movement, region, human environment interaction, location, place

immigration

a large scale movement, country to country

emigration

people exiting a country; where people are leaving from

migration

movement within a country

relocation diffusion

transplantation of ideas from one place to 2 places

expansion diffusion

hierarchy diffusion; through a social order

contagious diffusion

movement with no order

stimulus diffusion

spread of underlying ideas but the specifics of the idea can change (cows=reindeers)

formal region

region that has similar traits defined by trade and has no absolute boundaries

core-periphery

in the core there will be that identifiable trait and as you move farther away the trait starts to decline

functional region

social, political, or economic function; has nodes (brain center); has definite boundaries most of the time

vernacular region

based on perception

human-environmental interaction

multiple variables

absolute location

singular, unique location; based upon some type of mathematical location (longitude and latitude)

relative location

location based on where something is located based on things around it; it can change

place

the description of that location; can be based on physical characteristics and/or cultural traits; largely based on perception

Apply the 5 themes to the campus of Auburn University

pick one region, a human-environmental interaction, one location, one place, one type of movement

spatial perspective

the concept on the location of humans as it relates to interaction

transition zones

boundary lines that separate nations, form social distinctions, and divide political areas

scale

the geographical scope (local, national, or global) in which we analyze and understand a problem

relative humidity

the amount of water vapor in the air compared to how much water vapor the air can hold at that temperature

remote sensing

method of collecting data by using instruments that are physically at a distance from the area of study

geographic information systems

geographic information systems...

remittances

money earned by an immigrant and sent home

toponym

place name

sense of place

infusing a place with meaning as a result of experiences in a place

globalization

the character and intensity of connections between various places around the globe

cartography

the art and science of map making

fieldwork

observations researchers make of physical and cultural landscapes with a focus on seeing similarities and differences

French long lots

lots owned by Canadians in Quebec, very elongated, allowed you to only have enough land for yourself

Nunavut

territory in Northern Canada, 3x larger than Texas, half of it made up of islands, inhabited mainly by the Inuits

Inuit

nomadic hunter gatherers sometimes referred to as eskimos, indigenous people in the Canadian territories, own Nunavut

Parti Quebecois

Pro-French supporters in Quebec that want to increase French heritage

Quebec Separatism

the Parti Quebecois wants to secede from Canada and go back to French roots

Quebec Referendum

1995, basically asked people of Quebec if they wanted to leave or not, 50.5% said no so they stayed

Megalopolis

an urban agglomeration that stretches from Washington DC to Boston

Hudson-Mohawk corridor

Hudson-Mohawk Corridor...

US-Mexico border

very hostile, fences, border patrol, security checks, lots of illegals find ways through/around it

rain shadow

the dry, leeward side of a mountain

push and pull factors

reasons that bring people to a country and push them away from a country (ex: Costal Europe: push factor - religion pull factor - wealth (minerals, trade, and agriculture))

American Manufacturing Belt

"Rust Belt", northeast US, Michigan, Wisconsin, Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, and Pennsylvania

3 major Native Groups of Latin America

Mayas, Aztecs, Incas

Mayas

ruled Yucatan Peninsula, known for their great stone architecture, nobody really knows what happened to them

Aztecs

had over 25 million people, united through military strength, empire ran through central Mexico with Mexico City being the center, known for ritual sacrifice, defeated by Europeans (Cortez)

Incas

located in South America from Colombia to Argentina, lived on Western side of Andes Mountains, terrace agriculture, had fully functional cities including Manchu Pichu

mestizos

a latin american person of mixed ancestry

mullatos

person born of a white parent and a black parent

zambos

individuals with parents of mixed races

FARC

revolutionary armed forces of Colombia, lead a civil war in Colombia (funded by cocaine), controls large area of Colombia

altitudinal zonation

describes the natural layering of ecosystems that occurs at distinct altitudes due to varying environmental conditions

Peru

Peru...

isthmus

a narrow strip of land with sea on either side, forming a link between two larger pieces of land

archipelago

a group of islands

tropical deforestation

happening in the Amazon rainforest, main cause is cattle ranching, minor causes are agriculture and logging

altiplanos

a high plain, found in west-central South America by the Andes Mountains

commercial farming

farming for profit and in large numbers (Ontario does this with grid system)

subsistence farming

farmers growing enough food just for themselves and their family (Quebec does this with long lots)

NAFTA

the North American Free Trade Agreement, negotiated between Canada, USA, and Mexico.

South America modeled Mercosur after it

Mercosur

trade agreement between Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina.

It opened lines of communication and began trading

Latin American city model

wealthy people live in the center of the city and as you go farther out you find poorer places (opposite of USA)

mountain ranges in Latin America

Sierra Madre Occidental, Sierra Madre Oriental, Sierra Madre del Sure, Andes Mountains

Grasslands in Latin America

Llanos and Pampas

deserts in Latin America

Patagonia, Monte, Atacama

Rivers in Latin America

Amazon River, Rio de la Plata

Rain forests in Latin America

cover 1/3 of South America, Amazon rainforest is most famous

Colombia Exchange

the triangular trading system that operated during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries

Europe sent cheap manufactured good to Africa, Africa sent slaves to North America, America sent cotton, tobacco, and rice

population of US

316 million people, 5% of worlds population

population of Canada

36 million people, 10:1 ratio with America

colonialism

a physical process by which one area takes over and controls another for its own benefit

colonialism

colonialism