Reproductive System

Reproduction

Is accomplished when the egg cell is fertilized by the sperm cell

Female Reproductive System

Composed of internal and external organs of reproduction

Internal Organs of FRS

Ovaries, Fallopian Tubes, Uterus, Vagina

External Organs

Labia Majora, Labia Minora, Clitoris, Bartholin’s glans, Cervix

Ovaries

• Paired

• Function is to produce hormones for ovulation and pregnancy. Estrogen and progesterone

• Store egg cells ( oocytes)

• Mature the stored eggs until ovulation

**Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)**

**hormone causes the release of the follicle from the ovary**

13

At day ___ cycle - a woman has very high levels of estrogen, FSH, and LH

Fallopian Tubes

• The connection between the ovary and the uterus

• Also called oviducts

oviduct or fallopian tube

* Once inside the tube, the egg travels toward the uterus. When sperm is available, fertilization usually occurs in the _____.

Fimbriae

The fallopian tube have *________* to coax the ovulated egg into the tube

Uterus

• A muscular, pear-shapes, hollow organ

• Located between the bladder and the rectum

• Function is to nourish and protect the growing fetus until birth.

lining

* During menstruation, the ____ of the uterus is shed through the vagina (endometrium)

Vagina

• A muscular tube that extends from the cervix (neck of the uterus) to the exterior of the body

• Functions: sexual intercourse, receptor of semen, discharge of menses, and passage for delivery of fetus

genitalia

The external organs are collectively known as

**Labia majora**

larger outer lips of vagina

**Labia minora**

smaller inner lips of vagina

**Clitoris**

contains many nerve endings. Similar to penis in males

**Bartholin’s glands**

for lubrication

Cervix

is a term denoting the neck of the uterus and the extension of it into the top portion of the vagina.

* The combining form cervic/o refers to this part.

Organs of the Male Reproductive System

testes and a number of ducts (tubes), and glands.

Sperm

**C**ells that have a tail, head, and neck.

Testicles

where sperm is produced

Testes

produce sperm throughout the life of the male.  (Unlike the female, who is born with all the eggs they will ever have.

Semen

• The reproductive glands in the male serve to produce fluids that are added to the sperm to form ______.

• These secretions are vital for keeping the sperm cells alive and motile (able to move).

In the man, the reproductive role is to

produce viable sperm, and to deliver the sperm to the female reproductive system.

Male Reproductive Glands

1. Seminal vesicles

2. Prostate gland

3. Bulbourethral glands

Scrotum

* The testes (singular, testis), also called testicles are paired oval glands that descend into the ***______***.

Testosterone

* At the onset of puberty, the testes produce male sex hormone; stimulates and promotes the growth of the secondary sex characteristics in the man.

Genesis

producing or forming

Spermatogenesis

• Means to make or produce sperm

• Occurs in the testes

Spermatogenesis

Means to make or produce sperm, occurs in the testes

Epididymis

Comma-shaped organ on top of the testicle, stores and propels the sperm towards the urethra during ejaculation

Vas deferens

From the epididymis, the sperm enters _____, this transports sperm to the urethra; tube connecting the testis to the urethra

Semen

When the sperm and fluid join together it is then called ____

Cowper’s glands

Add a thick mucus to the semen that acts as lubricant during sexual excitement

Penis

Male sex organ that transports the semen into the vagina

Glans

A slightly enlarged region at the tip of the penis

Prepuce or Foreskin

A fold of skin covering the glans of the penis

Vasectomy

Surgery where the surgeon cuts the vas deferens, this blocks mature sperm from being able to leave the penis

Ligation

To cut